maki- / naki-

Joining an Activity

Level 3

Use maki- with an attested activity base and naki- for completed participation. Context can make a maki- clause a request.

How It Works

Attach maki- to a suitable base: makisala involves joining a dance, and makilugan involves riding along. Completed participation uses naki-. The actor takes subject pronouns, attached in current spelling. A named companion can appear after ken ni.

The family also supports permission requests. In an appropriate situation, man can soften a request to share a ride. Contrast agsala ‘dance’ with makisala ‘join in dancing’. Participation does not necessarily mean that participants act mutually upon each other. Person and number come from participant marking; the prefix has no gender agreement.

The sources give different ongoing patterns: the lessons attest base-copying forms, while the program guide illustrates copying involving the prefix. Their distribution is not settled by these excerpts. The examples here therefore teach the directly supported basic and completed forms without prescribing an unrestricted ongoing paradigm.

Examples (3)

  1. Makiluganak man ken ni Rafael.

    May I ride along with Rafael?

    Man and a suitable social context support a permission request.

  2. Nakipiesta ni Marta idiay Vigan idi kalman.

    Marta attended the fiesta in Vigan yesterday.

    Naki- presents participation as completed.

  3. Makisalakami idiay bodaan inton bigat.

    We, excluding you, will join the dancing at the wedding tomorrow.

    The activity supplies the setting for joining others without naming a companion.