जो कि

Adding Information with जो कि

Level 6Sounds Like jō ki

जो कि means which or who, adding a side comment about a person or thing already named.

How It Works

Hindi has two ways to attach a relative clause:

  • जो ... वह identifies which person or thing: जो लड़का आया था, वह मेरा भाई है (The boy who came is my brother).
  • जो कि adds extra information about someone already clear: मेरे भाई, जो कि दिल्ली में रहते हैं, कल आएँगे (My brother, who lives in Delhi, is coming tomorrow).

How to use जो कि:

  • Place the clause right after the noun, with a comma on each side.
  • The verb inside the clause agrees with the noun it describes.
  • The main sentence simply continues after the second comma.

जो कि can also comment on a whole statement, like English which: उसने मदद नहीं की, जो कि ठीक नहीं था (He didn't help, which wasn't right).

The phrase is common in formal writing, news and careful speech. Plain जो works in the same place and is at least as common; जो कि just sounds a little more deliberate.

Examples (5)

  1. यह किताब, जो कि बहुत पुरानी है, अब बाज़ार में नहीं मिलती।

    This book, which is very old, is no longer sold in shops.

    The जो कि clause adds a fact about a book already named.

  2. मेरे दादाजी, जो कि एक शिक्षक थे, हमेशा सुबह जल्दी उठते थे।

    My grandfather, who was a teacher, always got up early.

    थे is plural to show respect for दादाजी.

  3. हम जयपुर गए, जो कि राजस्थान की राजधानी है।

    We went to Jaipur, which is the capital of Rajasthan.

    The clause adds background about a place.

  4. यह नियम, जो कि पिछले साल बना था, सभी कर्मचारियों पर लागू होता है।

    This rule, which was made last year, applies to all employees.

    A typical sentence from a formal notice.

  5. उसने मदद नहीं की, जो कि ठीक नहीं था।

    He didn't help, which wasn't right.

    Here जो कि comments on the whole first clause.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

जो किLevel 6Adding Information with जो कि

Learn This First

जो कि adds information using relative जो.

Words in This Pattern

जोकिजोकि