Seen or Heard About
The aorist tells what you know first-hand; the perfect tells what you learned later.
How It Works
Georgian has two ways to tell about a past event, and the choice shows how you know about it.
| You saw it | You learned it later |
|---|---|
| გიორგი გუშინ წავიდა. (Giorgi left yesterday.) | გიორგი გუშინ წასულა. (Giorgi apparently left yesterday.) |
| ნინომ სადილი გააკეთა. (Nino made lunch.) | ნინოს სადილი გაუკეთებია. (Nino has made lunch.) |
Use the aorist for what you watched happen or know for certain. Use the perfect when you see only the result, such as lunch on the table, or when the story came from someone else.
The perfect is also the form for experience: ეს ფილმი ორჯერ მინახავს (I've seen this film twice). The aorist ეს ფილმი ორჯერ ვნახე tells about two particular times.
Remember that the cases change too: the aorist takes ნინომ, and the perfect takes ნინოს.
Examples (5)
- გიორგი გუშინ წავიდა.
Giorgi left yesterday.
Aorist: you know it first-hand.
- გიორგი გუშინ წასულა.
Giorgi apparently left yesterday.
Perfect: you heard it.
- ნინომ სადილი გააკეთა.
Nino made lunch.
You saw her cooking.
- ნინოს სადილი გაუკეთებია.
Nino has made lunch.
You see the food on the table.
- ეს ფილმი ორჯერ მინახავს.
I've seen this film twice.
The perfect for experience.
How It Connects
Learn This First
The simple past is seen; the perfect is heard about.
Related Patterns
Practice Seen or Heard About in Bubblegum
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