کسی و چیزی
Someone and Something
In questions they mean anyone and anything, and with a negative verb they mean no one and nothing.
How It Works
کسی (kasē) and چیزی (chīzē) stand in for a person or a thing you do not name. The ending ـی is the same one that means a or some. In Dari it sounds like ē.
| Sentence | Dari | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| Statement | کسی دروازه را می‌زند. | Someone is knocking at the door. |
| Question | کسی در خانه است؟ | Is anyone home? |
| Negative verb | چیزی نخوردم. | I didn't eat anything. |
The word keeps the place of the person or thing, and the verb agrees with one person: کسی نیامد (nobody came). For a firmer no one or nothing, use هیچ کس or هیچ چیز, which has its own entry.
Add دیگر for else: کس دیگر (someone else) and چیز دیگر (something else).
Examples (5)
- چیزی می‌خواهید؟
Would you like something?
چیزی asks about a thing in a polite offer, and می‌خواهید goes with شما.
- کسی در خانه است؟
Is anyone home?
In a question, کسی means anyone.
- کسی دروازه را می‌زند.
Someone is knocking at the door.
کسی is the person doing the action, and the verb stays singular.
- من امروز چیزی نخوردم.
I didn't eat anything today.
With the negative verb نخوردم, چیزی means anything.
- دیروز کسی به خانهٔ ما نیامد.
Nobody came to our house yesterday.
کسی with نیامد means nobody.
Common Mistakes
Leaving the ending ـی off کسی.
کس در خانه است؟کسی در خانه است؟To say someone or anyone, use کسی. کس stands alone only in set phrases such as هیچ کس.
How It Connects
Learn This First
کسی and چیزی are کس and چیز with the ending ـی, so the question words and ـی come first.
Related Patterns
- هیچ … نـNothing and Nobody
هیچ کس and هیچ چیز with a negative verb are the firmer forms of nobody and nothing.
Level 3 - کسی که، چیزی که، جایی کهThe Person, Thing or Place That
Later you add که to describe the person or thing.
Level 4 - هر و همهEach and All
هر کس and هر چیز mean everyone and everything.
Level 3 - Another and Other With دیگر
Add دیگر to say someone else or something else.
Level 2
Words in This Pattern
Practice کسی و چیزی in Bubblegum
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