mi / ti / mu / joj / nam / vam / im

Short Dative Pronouns

Level 2

Mi, ti, mu, joj, nam, vam and im are short dative pronouns. They can identify who receives something or experiences a state.

How It Works

The dative series is mi, ti, mu, joj, nam, vam, im. Mu serves masculine or neuter singular reference; joj serves feminine singular reference. Im can refer to any plural gender.

Do not confuse dative mi, meaning to me, with nominative mi, meaning we. Their sentence roles differ: Mi radimo. versus Daj mi knjigu.

A Croatian verb may select dative where English uses a direct object. Vjerujem ti. means I trust you. Use the full form meni or tebi for strong contrast or after a governing preposition; do not simply stress the short form.

Examples (4)

  1. Dajem joj knjigu.

    I am giving her a book.

    Joj is the recipient; knjigu is the direct object.

  2. Hladno mi je.

    I feel cold.

    Mi identifies the experiencer.

  3. Vjerujem ti.

    I trust you.

    Vjerovati takes dative ti.

  4. Šaljemo im poruku.

    We are sending them a message.

    Im refers to plural recipients.

How It Connects

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mi / ti / mu / joj / nam / vam / imLevel 2Short Dative Pronouns

Learn This First

Short dative pronouns identify recipients using the established person distinctions.

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Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

ononaonovionemujojvamim