-보다
More Than
Use -보다 to compare two things. Attach it to the noun you are comparing against. For example, 'A is bigger than B' is 'A는 B보다 커요'.
ਇਹ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਕੰਮ ਕਰਦਾ ਹੈ
The particle -보다 is essential for making comparisons in Korean. It translates to 'more than' or 'compared to'.
How to Use:
Attach -보다 directly to the noun that is the standard of comparison. There is no space, and it doesn't change based on whether the noun ends in a vowel or a consonant.
Sentence Structure:
The most common structure is:
In this structure, 'Noun 1' is being compared to 'Noun 2'.
For example:
- 사과가 바나나보다 비싸요. (Apples are more expensive than bananas.)
- 한국어가 영어보다 어려워요. (Korean is more difficult than English.)
Using '더' (more):
The word '더' (more) is often used with -보다 to add emphasis, but it's optional. The meaning is clear even without it.
- 오늘은 어제보다 더 추워요. (Today is more cold than yesterday.)
- 강아지가 고양이보다 더 빨리 달려요. (A dog runs faster than a cat.)
ਉਦਾਹਰਣਾਂ (4)
- 코끼리가 쥐보다 커요.
An elephant is bigger than a mouse.
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ: elephant (subject) mouse than is big.
- 수박이 사과보다 더 비싸요.
Watermelon is more expensive than apples.
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ: watermelon (subject) apple than more is expensive.
- 저는 동생보다 책을 많이 읽어요.
I read more books than my younger sibling.
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ: I (topic) younger sibling than books a lot read.
- 오늘은 어제보다 날씨가 좋아요.
The weather is better today than yesterday.
ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦਰ ਸ਼ਬਦ: today (topic) yesterday than weather (subject) is good.
ਆਮ ਗਲਤੀਆਂ
Attaching -보다 to the wrong noun.
ਵੱਖਰਾ ਮਤਲਬ코끼리보다 쥐가 커요.코끼리가 쥐보다 커요.-보다 should be attached to the noun being used as the standard for comparison. To say 'an elephant is bigger than a mouse,' you compare the elephant to the mouse. Therefore, -보다 attaches to '쥐' (mouse).
Using the object particle 을/를 instead of a subject/topic marker for the main item.
수박을 사과보다 비싸요.수박이 사과보다 비싸요.When describing a quality (like 'expensive'), the item being described (수박) is the subject of the sentence. You should use a subject marker like 이/가 or a topic marker like 은/는, not the object marker 을/를.
ਇਹ ਕਿਵੇਂ ਜੁੜਦਾ ਹੈ
ਸੰਬੰਧਿਤ ਪੈਟਰਨ
- 은/는Topic Marker
The topic marker 은/는 is often used on the first noun in a comparative sentence to establish it as the topic being discussed and compared.
ਪੱਧਰ 1 - 이/가Subject Marker
The subject marker 이/가 is also used on the first noun to identify it as the subject of the comparison, often when introducing new information.
ਪੱਧਰ 1 - -처럼/같이Like
While -보다 expresses difference ('more than'), 처럼/같이 expresses similarity ('like' or 'as'). Both are particles used to relate two nouns.
ਪੱਧਰ 3 - ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ਼ਣ ਦਾ ਰੂਪ ਬਦਲਣਾ
Comparative sentences with -보다 almost always end with a descriptive verb (adjective) like 'big', 'small', 'fast', or 'expensive'. Knowing how to conjugate adjectives is essential for using this pattern.
ਮੁੱਢਲੀਆਂ ਗੱਲਾਂ
ਅੱਗੇ ਸਿੱਖੋ
ਉਹ ਪੈਟਰਨ ਜੋ ਇਸ ਉੱਤੇ ਬਣਦੇ ਹਨ।