canys / oblegid / eithr

Literary Connectors (Recognition)

Level 6

Canys felly y carodd Duw y byd — For God so loved the world. Canys is an old word for because or for; today you would say achos.

How It Works

The connectors and their everyday equivalents.

  • canys — for, because. Speech: achos, oherwydd. Canys felly y carodd Duw y byd (For God so loved the world).
  • oblegid — because (before a clause), because of (before a noun). Speech: achos, oherwydd, o achos. oblegid y glaw (because of the rain).
  • eithr — but (after a negative); also except. Speech: ond. Ac nac arwain ni i brofedigaeth; eithr gwared ni rhag drwg (And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil).
  • megis — such as, like. Speech: fel. ieithoedd Celtaidd megis Cymraeg a Llydaweg (Celtic languages such as Welsh and Breton). Megis causes no mutation.

Still used today. Ac eithrio (except, excluding) is common on notices: ar agor bob dydd ac eithrio dydd Llun (open every day except Monday). Megis is normal in formal writing. Canys and oblegid sound old-fashioned or biblical.

Everyday connectors. See Because: Achos and Oherwydd and Formal Connectors. For "not ... but" in modern Welsh, use Nid ... ond.

Examples (6)

  1. Canys felly y carodd Duw y byd.

    For God so loved the world.

    From the Welsh Bible, John 3:16. Speech would use achos.

  2. Arhosodd y plant i mewn oblegid y glaw.

    The children stayed in because of the rain.

    Speech: oherwydd y glaw, or achos y glaw.

  3. Ac nac arwain ni i brofedigaeth; eithr gwared ni rhag drwg.

    And lead us not into temptation, but deliver us from evil.

    From the Lord's Prayer in the Welsh Bible. Speech would use ond.

  4. Mae'r amgueddfa ar agor bob dydd ac eithrio dydd Llun.

    The museum is open every day except Monday.

  5. Nid oedd neb yno eithr y gofalwr.

    There was nobody there except the caretaker.

  6. Mae ieithoedd Celtaidd megis Cymraeg a Llydaweg yn perthyn i'w gilydd.

    Celtic languages such as Welsh and Breton are related to each other.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

canys / oblegid / eithrLevel 6Literary Connectors (Recognition)

Learn This First

Literary connectors extend the formal connectors.

Words in This Pattern

oblegidoblegideithrmegismegisac eithrio