Dw i'n ei weld e
Object Pronouns: Dw I'n Ei Weld E
To say I see him with bod, wrap the verb-noun in his: Dw i'n ei weld e (literally "I'm at his seeing"; North: Dw i'n ei weld o).
How It Works
The forms, with gweld (see):
- fy ngweld i — see me (nasal mutation)
- dy weld di — see you (soft)
- ei weld e (South) / ei weld o (North) — see him, see it (soft)
- ei gweld hi — see her (her does not change g)
- ein gweld ni — see us
- eich gweld chi — see you
- eu gweld nhw — see them
Watch the mutations. They are the same as with nouns (see echo pronouns after possessives): caru → dy garu di, cofio → fy nghofio i, clywed → ei chlywed hi. Ein, eu and her ei add h before a vowel: eu hofni nhw (fear them).
It works after any linking word: yn, wedi or newydd, and after wnes i: Mae hi wedi ei brynu fe (She has bought it), Wnes i ei weld e ddoe (I saw him yesterday); in the North, ei brynu fo and ei weld o. After a vowel, ei is written 'i: wedi'i brynu.
Everyday speech. The possessive is often dropped and only the pronoun is kept after the verb-noun: Dw i'n gweld e (South), Dw i'n gweld o (North). Both are normal in speech; the full form is standard in writing.
Short verbs are different. With a short verb form such as gwelais, the pronoun simply follows: Gwelais i hi (I saw her). See objects after short verbs.
Examples (6)
- Dw i'n dy garu di.
I love you.
Caru softens to garu after dy.
- Mae hi'n ei weld e bob dydd.
She sees him every day.
South. In the North: Mae hi'n ei weld o bob dydd.
- Dw i'n eu nabod nhw.
I know them.
Eu causes no consonant mutation.
- Wyt ti'n fy nghofio i?
Do you remember me?
Cofio becomes nghofio after fy.
- Dw i'n ei chlywed hi'n chwerthin.
I can hear her laughing.
Clywed becomes chlywed after ei meaning her.
- Mae'n dda eich gweld chi eto!
It's good to see you again!
Common Mistakes
Using the his mutation for her.
Mae e'n ei weld hi.Mae e'n ei gweld hi.Ei meaning her does not soften g. The soft form weld belongs to ei meaning his.
How It Connects
Learn This First
An object pronoun of a verb-noun is a possessive before it.
Related Patterns
- fy + Nasal MutationMy: Fy + Nasal Mutation
Explains fy nghofio i.
Level 2 - ei 'his' + Soft MutationHis: Ei + Soft Mutation
Explains ei weld e.
Level 2 - ei 'her' + Aspirate MutationHer: Ei + Aspirate Mutation
Explains ei chlywed hi.
Level 2 - Adding H Before Vowels
Explains eu hofni nhw.
Level 2 - Direct Objects After Short Verbs
How objects work after short verbs instead.
Level 2
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Words in This Pattern
Practice Dw i'n ei weld e in Bubblegum
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