-lar (hurmat)

The ending -lar normally makes a plural. When you talk about one respected person, it can also show respect:

• Domla keldilar. (The teacher has come.)
• Ustoz hozir kelyaptilar. (The teacher is on the way now.)
• Buvim uxlayaptilar. (Grandma is sleeping.)

Who gets it. Parents, grandparents, teachers, older relatives, bosses and other people you honor. You do not use it about yourself, about children, or about friends your own age.

Where it goes.

• On the verb, after the tense: keldi → keldilar, kelyapti → kelyaptilar, keladi → keladilar.
• On a noun predicate: Dadam uydalar (My dad is at home), Togʻam oʻqituvchi edilar (My uncle was a teacher).
• On what belongs to the person, as -lari: Otamning ismlari Karim (My father's name is Karim).

Pronouns. Instead of plain u, people often say u kishi (that person) about someone they respect, or even ular.

Only about someone, not to someone. When you speak to the person, the polite siz already shows respect: Domla, keldingizmi? (Teacher, have you arrived?) Adding -lar there, as in keldingizlar, means you all.

Family words. Dadamlar or oyimlar can mean my dad or my mom said with respect, or my dad and the family. The situation makes clear which one you mean.

Tone. Using the plural of respect about someone who is not your elder, such as a little brother, sounds sarcastic.