-sin

Let Him or Her: -sin

Level 2

-sin says what someone else should do, like let him or have her: U kirsin (Let him come in).

How It Works

Most commands speak to the listener. -sin speaks about someone else, the person you would call u. The ending is always -sin, after a consonant or a vowel:

  • kir- → kirsin (let him come in)
  • kut- → kutsin (let her wait)
  • oʻyna- → oʻynasin (let them play)

It has three common uses:

  • Instructions about someone. U kirsin (Tell him to come in, let him come in).
  • Permission. With mayli: Mayli, biroz kutsin (All right, let her wait a bit).
  • Wishes. Many good wishes use boʻlsin (may it be): Yoʻlingiz ochiq boʻlsin! (Have a safe trip!, literally may your road be open).

For they. -sin is enough for several people: Bolalar oʻynasin. You may also hear -sinlar, especially when speaking with respect: Kirsinlar.

Saying let him not. Put -ma- before -sin: bilmasin (let him not know), Hech kim bilmasin (Nobody must know).

Not for me or you. For yourself, use -(a)y: Men kiray (Let me come in). For the listener, use -(i)ng: Kiring. For let's, use -(a)ylik.

Examples (5)

  1. U kirsin.

    Let him come in.

    Word by Word: He come.in-SIN.

  2. Mayli, biroz kutsin.

    All right, let her wait a little.

    Word by Word: OK, a.little wait-SIN.

  3. Bolalar oʻynasin.

    Let the kids play.

    Word by Word: Children play-SIN.

    One -sin is enough for several people.

  4. Yoʻlingiz ochiq boʻlsin!

    Have a safe trip!

    Word by Word: Road-your open be-SIN!

    A set good wish built on boʻlsin (may it be).

  5. Hech kim bilmasin.

    Nobody must know.

    Word by Word: No one know-NOT-SIN.

    -ma- comes before -sin.

Common Mistakes

  • Using -sin to talk to the listener.

    Siz kirsin.
    Siz kiring.

    -sin is about a third person. When you speak to someone directly, use -ing (or the bare stem with a friend).

  • Using -sin for yourself.

    Men kirsin?
    Men kiraymi?

    For I, the command form is -(a)y: kiray (let me come in), and kiraymi? means may I come in?

  • Putting -ma after -sin.

    U kirsinma.
    U kirmasin.

    The negative -ma- goes right after the stem, before -sin: kir-ma-sin.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-sinLevel 2Let Him or Her: -sin

Learn This First

Builds on Polite Commands: -(i)ng and He, She or It.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.