Noun + جو + Clause
Describing a Noun with a Relative Clause
Keep track of the noun while reading the clause that follows it.
How It Works
The relative clause can sit after the noun inside the larger sentence. Read through it before returning to the main statement about that noun.
جو can refer to a person or a thing and does not change for gender. The verb inside its clause still follows the relevant subject or object agreement rules.
If the relative expression needs a postposition, use forms such as جس or جن. A relative subject of a transitive perfective may therefore be جس نے rather than plain جو.
Examples (4)
- وہ کمرہ جو اوپر ہے، خالی ہے۔
The room upstairs is empty.
The relative clause identifies which room is meant.
- وہ خط جو تم نے بھیجا تھا، آج ملا۔
The letter you sent arrived today.
The relative clause contains its own transitive perfective.
- وہ لڑکی جو اردو پڑھتی ہے، میری پڑوسن ہے۔
The girl who studies Urdu is my neighbor.
The relative verb has feminine subject agreement.
- وہ دروازے جو باغ کی طرف کھلتے ہیں، بند ہیں۔
The doors that open toward the garden are closed.
جو stays unchanged while the verbs reflect the plural doors.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Recognize a clause embedded within a larger sentence. Identify the noun or participant referred to by a relative clause.
Related Patterns
- جو ... وہWhoever or What, Paired with a Main Clause
Place the relative clause first and resume it in the main clause.
Level 3 - جس / جن + PostpositionRelative Pronouns with Case
Choose a relative form before a postposition.
Level 3 - Urdu Word Order
Return to the main statement after the inserted clause.
Foundations
Words in This Pattern
Practice Noun + جو + Clause in Bubblegum
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