Resulting States and Affected Subjects
Soyu describes thorough frying; taru means ‘assemble’.
How It Works
The regular pattern has short final -u, high tone on the last syllable and low tone on preceding syllables. Grade 7 verbs are intransitive. Their subjects undergo an action, show its result or have the capacity to undergo it.
Thoroughness is common with soyu. Continuative verbal-noun forms can express capacity, such as repairability. Conventional meanings include faru ‘happen’, taru ‘assemble’ and gamu da ‘meet up with’.
Compare An soya naman ‘The meat was fried’ with Naman ya soyu ‘The meat is thoroughly fried’. The impersonal clause reports an unspecified actor’s action; Grade 7 centers the meat’s condition. It does not take an English-style ‘by the cook’ phrase. Selected prepositional complements remain possible.
Examples (3)
- Naman ya soyu sosai.
The meat is thoroughly fried.
The meat is the affected subject.
- Baƙi sun taru a ƙofar gida.
The guests gathered at the house door.
Taru expresses assembling.
- Mun gamu da malam a kasuwa.
We met the teacher at the market.
Gamu selects a da complement.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Recognize grade patterns and unspecified-agent event reports before contrasting affected-subject Grade7 meanings without an English-style agent phrase.
- Verb Grades and Meaning
Recognize grade patterns and unspecified-agent event reports before contrasting affected-subject Grade7 meanings without an English-style agent phrase.
Level 3 - aAn Unspecified Agent
Recognize grade patterns and unspecified-agent event reports before contrasting affected-subject Grade7 meanings without an English-style agent phrase.
Level 3
Related Patterns
Practice Resulting States and Affected Subjects in Bubblegum
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