-dığına baxmayaraq

The construction follows a specific morphological chain:

• Subject: If explicitly stated, the subject takes the genitive case (e.g., mənim, onun, müəllimin). However, because Azerbaijani frequently drops pronouns, this is optional and often omitted since the possessive suffix already indicates the subject.
• Verb Stem
• -dıq⁴: The participle suffix (subject to vowel harmony: -dıq, -dik, -duq, -dük).
• Possessive Suffix: Indicates the subject (e.g., singular: -ım/-im/-um/-üm, -ın/-in/-un/-ün, -ı/-i/-u/-ü; plural: -ımız/-imiz/-umuz/-ümüz, -ınız/-iniz/-unuz/-ünüz, -ları). Note: The 's' buffer is never used here because the participle ends in a consonant.
• Buffer 'n': Required for 3rd person forms before a case suffix.
• -a²: The dative case suffix.
• baxmayaraq: The postposition meaning 'despite'.

With Simple Nouns: Note that baxmayaraq can also be used directly with simple nouns in the dative case without needing a verb (e.g., yağışa baxmayaraq - despite the rain).

Consonant Mutation: When a possessive suffix starting with a vowel is added, 'q' changes to 'ğ' (e.g., oxuduq → oxuduğum) and 'k' changes to 'y' (e.g., gəldik → gəldiyim). Note that because the 3rd person plural suffix (-ları/-ləri) starts with a consonant, the 'q' or 'k' does not mutate (e.g., oxuduqlarına baxmayaraq).

Tense Usage: The -dıq participle is a non-future participle, meaning it covers both past and present contexts. For example, gəldiyinə baxmayaraq can mean "despite the fact that he came" or "despite the fact that he comes".

Negative Form: To form the negative, add the negative suffix -ma/-mə directly to the verb stem before the participle suffix, resulting in -madığına/-mədiyinə baxmayaraq (e.g., gəlmədiyinə baxmayaraq - despite the fact that he didn't/doesn't come).

Future Tense: For future contexts, the exact same morphological chain is used, but the future participle -acaq/-əcək replaces -dıq (e.g., gələcəyinə baxmayaraq - despite the fact that he will come; olacağına baxmayaraq - despite the fact that it will happen). Note that the same q → ğ and k → y consonant mutation rules apply here.

Synonyms: The word rəğmən is a formal synonym for baxmayaraq and also requires the dative case (e.g., yağışa rəğmən).

Note on Ambiguity: The form -dığına is identical for both the 2nd person singular (your doing) and 3rd person singular (his/her doing). Use personal pronouns like sənin or onun to clarify the meaning if the context is unclear.

Alternative Structure: A highly common and simpler alternative to this complex morphological chain is using baxmayaraq ki followed by a finite verb clause (e.g., Baxmayaraq ki, o gəlmədi... - Despite the fact that he didn't come...).