-(i)ng (egalik)

Your (Familiar): -(i)ng

Level 1

To say your to someone you call sen, add -ng or -ing to the noun: ota → otang, kitob → kitobing.

How It Works

This ending means your when you speak to one person you address as sen:

  • After a vowel: -ng. ota + -ng → otang (your father), uka + -ng → ukang (your younger brother).
  • After a consonant: -ing. kitob + -ing → kitobing (your book), uy + -ing → uying (your house), ism + -ing → isming (your name).

The letters ng spell one sound, the ng of English sing; see sh, ch va ng.

Match the pronoun. -(i)ng belongs with sen. If you call someone siz, every your in the sentence becomes -(i)ngiz: isming to a friend, ismingiz to a stranger or an older person. Mixing the two sounds careless or rude.

Same sound, different job. A verb can end in -(i)ng too, but there it is a polite command: Keling! (Come!), Qarang! (Look!). On a noun, -(i)ng means your; on a verb stem, it gives an order. See -(i)ng (buyruq).

The usual seam changes apply: yurak → yuraging (your heart), and case endings follow directly: uyingga (to your house), uyingda (in your house).

Examples (5)

  1. Isming nima?

    What is your name?

    Word by Word: Name-your what?

    Said to a child or a friend. To an adult you do not know, say Ismingiz nima?

  2. Otang qayerda?

    Where is your father?

    Word by Word: Father-your where?

    ota ends in a vowel, so it takes -ng: otang.

  3. Ukang bormi?

    Do you have a younger brother?

    Word by Word: Younger-brother-your exists-question?

    uka + -ng → ukang, then bor + -mi makes the question.

  4. Kitobing stolda.

    Your book is on the table.

    Word by Word: Book-your table-on.

    kitob ends in a consonant, so it takes -ing.

  5. Uying chiroyli.

    Your house is beautiful.

    Word by Word: House-your beautiful.

    uy ends in y, which counts as a consonant: uying.

Common Mistakes

  • Adding -ing after a vowel.

    Otaing qayerda?
    Otang qayerda?

    After a vowel only -ng is added: ota → otang, uka → ukang.

  • Mixing sen and siz forms.

    Sizning isming nima?
    Sizning ismingiz nima?

    Sizning is polite, so the noun needs the polite ending -ingiz. With a friend, say Sening isming nima? or just Isming nima?

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-(i)ng (egalik)Level 1Your (Familiar): -(i)ng

Learn This First

Builds on My: -(i)m and You (Familiar).