-gani yoʻq

Not Yet: -gani Yoʻq

Level 3

Verb + -gan + possessive + yoʻq means has not done yet: Hali ovqatlanganim yoʻq (I haven't eaten yet), Hali kelgani yoʻq (He hasn't come yet).

How It Works

This is the everyday spoken way to say that something has not happened up to now. It hints that it may still happen.

1. Building the form
Take the verb stem, add -gan, then the possessive ending for the person, then the separate word yoʻq:

  • kel- + -gan + -im → kelganim yoʻq (I haven't come)
  • kel- + -gan + -ing → kelganing yoʻq (you haven't come, familiar)
  • kel- + -gan + -i → kelgani yoʻq (he or she hasn't come)
  • kel- + -gan + -imiz → kelganimiz yoʻq (we haven't come)
  • kel- + -gan + -ingiz → kelganingiz yoʻq (you haven't come, polite)

These are the same endings as kitobim, kitobing and kitobi. For ular, kelgani yoʻq is common, and kelishgani yoʻq makes the plural clear.
After k and q, -gan becomes -kan and -qan: chiq- → chiqqani yoʻq (he hasn't come out).

2. With hali
Hali (yet) usually comes first: Hali tushlik qilganim yoʻq (I haven't had lunch yet). Without hali, it simply says the action has not happened. A time phrase can set the span: Koʻpdan beri kinoga borganim yoʻq (I haven't been to the cinema for a long time).

3. Question and answer
Ask with yoʻqmi: Hali kelgani yoʻqmi? (Hasn't he come yet?). The answer "yes, he has" uses the plain past, often with allaqachon (already): U allaqachon keldi (He has already come).

4. Other ways to say it
Hali kelmadi (He hasn't come yet) is also everyday speech. Kelgan emas is another negative of -gan and sounds a little more formal.

Examples (6)

  1. Hali ovqatlanganim yoʻq.

    I haven't eaten yet.

    Word by Word: Yet eaten-my not-there.

    ovqatlan- + -gan + -im. The -im says I.

  2. Akam hali kelgani yoʻq.

    My brother hasn't come yet.

    Word by Word: Brother-my yet come-his not-there.

    The -i ending says he or she.

  3. Bu kitobni hali oʻqiganim yoʻq.

    I haven't read this book yet.

    Word by Word: This book-the yet read-my not-there.

    The object keeps its -ni ending as usual.

  4. Siz hali javob berganingiz yoʻq.

    You haven't answered yet.

    Word by Word: You yet answer given-your not-there.

    The -ingiz ending is for polite you.

  5. Poyezd hali kelgani yoʻqmi?

    Hasn't the train come yet?

    Word by Word: Train yet come-its not-there-?

    Add -mi to yoʻq to ask.

  6. Koʻpdan beri uni koʻrganim yoʻq.

    I haven't seen him for a long time.

    Word by Word: Long-since him seen-my not-there.

    Koʻpdan beri (for a long time) sets the time span, so there is no hali.

Common Mistakes

  • Leaving out the possessive ending.

    Men hali ovqatlangan yoʻq.
    Men hali ovqatlanganim yoʻq.

    The -gan form needs a possessive ending before yoʻq. Here -im shows that I have not eaten.

  • Using the wrong person's ending.

    Men hali kelgani yoʻq.
    Men hali kelganim yoʻq.

    The -i ending means he or she. The ending must match the person: men takes -im.

  • Making the verb negative as well.

    Hali kelmagani yoʻq.
    Hali kelgani yoʻq.

    Yoʻq already makes the sentence negative. Kelmagani yoʻq is a double negative: it says there has been no time he failed to come, the opposite of what you mean.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-gani yoʻqLevel 3Not Yet: -gani Yoʻq

Learn This First

Builds on Past With -gan, Still and Not Yet and There Is Not, and No.

Words in This Pattern

yoʻqhali