اس کا / ان کا

His, Her, Its and Their

Level 1

Use اس کا for an ordinary singular reference. Use ان کا for several owners or to refer respectfully to one person.

How It Works

اس کی چابی can mean his key, her key or its key. Context identifies the owner.

ان کا گھر can mean their house or a respectful one-person reference. The masculine singular noun گھر takes کا.

For plural possessions, use اس کے جوتے or ان کے جوتے. The owner form stays distinct from the ending.

Before a postposition, the whole phrase can be oblique: ان کے گھر میں means in their house.

اس کی چابی میز پر ہے۔
Her key is on the table.
This translation assumes a female owner from context. اس can also refer to a male or nonhuman owner; feminine چابی chooses کی.
ان کا گھر بڑا ہے۔
Their house is big.
ان can refer to several people or respectfully to one.
اس کے جوتے باہر ہیں۔
His shoes are outside.
This translation assumes a male owner from context. اس does not encode his gender; masculine plural جوتے chooses کے.
ان کے گھر میں لوگ ہیں۔
There are people in their house.
The possessive phrase comes before the location postposition.

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

اس کا / ان کاLevel 1His, Her, Its and Their

Keep agreement with the possessed item while changing the possessor. Recognize third-person and demonstrative reference.

Patterns that build on this one.

کااساسانان

Poppy, your AI tutor, writes Urdu lessons at your level. Tap any grammar point in a lesson to see its full explanation.