خود

Doing Something Yourself

Level 2

Highlight the person instead of changing the verb’s agreement.

How It Works

The emphasis can contrast personal involvement with sending someone else. With first-person میں, خود can show that the speaker will take part personally.

خود also occurs before postpositions, as in خود سے. The relation supplied by سے belongs to the surrounding construction.

Do not treat خود as a possessive adjective like اپنا. To identify an owned item, use an appropriate possessive form; to emphasize the participant, use خود.

Examples (4)

  1. مریم خود آئی۔

    Maryam came in person.

    خود emphasizes the participant; آئی agrees with her.

  2. ہم خود وہاں جائیں گے۔

    We will go there ourselves.

    خود is unchanged with a plural subject.

  3. آپ خود یہ خط پڑھیے۔

    Please read this letter yourself.

    The respectful command addresses the listener personally.

  4. وہ خود سے بات کر رہی ہے۔

    She is talking to herself.

    خود سے refers back to the person speaking.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

خودLevel 2Doing Something Yourself

Learn This First

Identify the participant emphasized or described as acting personally.

Words in This Pattern

خود