کے اوپر / کے نیچے

Above and Below

Level 2

Read the height relation from the reference noun.

How It Works

The marker is کے even with feminine میز or چھت. It does not agree with the gender of the reference noun in these expressions.

کے اوپر does not always imply touching a surface. A lamp above a table and a book on top of it can both be described with اوپر in the right scene.

When the reference is understood, اوپر and نیچے can stand alone. They can also describe upward or downward movement; the verb supplies that distinction.

Examples (4)

  1. میز کے نیچے ایک تھیلا ہے۔

    There is a bag under the table.

    The table is the vertical reference.

  2. میز کے اوپر ایک بتی لٹک رہی ہے۔

    A light is hanging above the table.

    The hanging light need not touch the table.

  3. کتاب کے اوپر ایک قلم ہے۔

    There is a pen on top of the book.

    Here the scene supports a surface reading.

  4. ہم اوپر جا رہے ہیں۔

    We are going upstairs.

    اوپر stands alone with a movement verb.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

کے اوپر / کے نیچےLevel 2Above and Below

Learn This First

Use the linking کے before an above or below relation. Distinguish relative height from being on a surface.

Words in This Pattern

اوپر