na základe / v rámci / z hľadiska + Genitive
Formal Prepositions with the Genitive
Na základe (on the basis of), v rámci (within, as part of), z hľadiska (from the point of view of) and prostredníctvom (by means of, via) work like single prepositions and take the genitive: na základe zmluvy, v rámci projektu, z hľadiska ceny, prostredníctvom internetu.
How It Works
Phrases that work as prepositions. Slovak has simple prepositions such as na, v, z, and it also has longer ones made from a preposition and a noun. The most common formal ones are:
- na základe: on the basis of, based on: na základe výsledkov (based on the results)
- v rámci: within, as part of: v rámci projektu (as part of the project)
- z hľadiska: from the point of view of, in terms of: z hľadiska ceny (in terms of price)
- prostredníctvom: by means of, via, through: prostredníctvom e-mailu (via email)
Others follow the same pattern: z pohľadu (from the perspective of), v priebehu (in the course of), zo strany (on the part of), v záujme (in the interest of) and pomocou (with the help of).
Always the genitive. Inside each phrase there is a noun, and a noun that depends on it stands in the genitive, just as in základ domu (the foundation of the house). So the noun after the phrase is in the genitive, and adjectives and pronouns agree with it: na základe tejto zmluvy, v rámci nášho projektu, z hľadiska novej legislatívy. With a pronoun, na základe toho means on that basis.
Where you meet them. These phrases are typical of reports, contracts, news and official letters, where they often go together with verbal nouns and the nominal style. In everyday speech simpler words sound more natural: podľa výsledkov rather than na základe výsledkov, or cez internet rather than prostredníctvom internetu.
A phrase to avoid. Slovak language guides treat za účelom (for the purpose of) as non-standard. Use s cieľom + infinitive or na účely instead.
Examples (5)
- Na základe zmluvy máte nárok na vrátenie peňazí.
Under the contract, you are entitled to a refund.
Word by Word: On basis of-contract you-have claim to return of-money.
Zmluva becomes zmluvy in the genitive.
- V rámci projektu sme navštívili tri školy.
As part of the project, we visited three schools.
Word by Word: In frame of-project we-visited three schools.
- Z hľadiska ceny je táto ponuka najlepšia.
In terms of price, this offer is the best.
Word by Word: From point-of-view of-price is this offer best.
- Objednávky prijímame len prostredníctvom internetu.
We only accept orders via the internet.
Word by Word: Orders we-accept only by-means-of internet.
- Rozhodnutie prijali na základe výsledkov prieskumu.
The decision was made based on the survey results.
Word by Word: Decision they-accepted on basis of-results of-survey.
Both výsledkov and prieskumu are genitive.
Common Mistakes
Putting the accusative after na základe.
Na základe zmluvu máte nárok na zľavu.Na základe zmluvy máte nárok na zľavu.Na základe takes the genitive: zmluva → zmluvy. The accusative zmluvu does not fit after this phrase.
Leaving the noun in the nominative after v rámci.
V rámci projekt sme navštívili Viedeň.V rámci projektu sme navštívili Viedeň.V rámci also takes the genitive, so projekt becomes projektu.
Forgetting that adjectives agree in the genitive too.
Z hľadiska nová legislatíva je to v poriadku.Z hľadiska novej legislatívy je to v poriadku.The whole noun phrase goes into the genitive: nová legislatíva → novej legislatívy.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Before Formal Prepositions With the Genitive, learn According To, Instead Of and Except. na základe, v rámci and z hľadiska take the genitive, like podľa.
Related Patterns
- Genitive Singular Endings
Every noun after these phrases takes a genitive singular or plural ending.
Level 2 - Verbal Nouns With a Genitive Object
Formal prepositions often introduce verbal nouns: na základe rozhodnutia, v rámci hodnotenia.
Level 5 - Nominal Style
These phrases are a key part of the noun-heavy style of official texts.
Level 5 - v dôsledku / následkom + GenitiveAs a Result of
Further formal genitive prepositions, used for causes and results.
Level 6 - vzhľadom na / v súvislosti sWith Regard to and in Connection with
Formal prepositional phrases that take the accusative and instrumental instead of the genitive.
Level 5
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Words in This Pattern
Practice na základe / v rámci / z hľadiska + Genitive in Bubblegum
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