podľa / namiesto / okrem + Genitive

According to, Instead of and Except

Level 4

Podľa gives a source or a rule, namiesto a replacement, okrem an exception or an addition, and pomocou the tool or help used. The noun after them is always in the genitive.

How It Works

podľa: according to, based on

  • opinion: podľa mňa (in my opinion), podľa neho (according to him)
  • source: podľa predpovede (according to the forecast), podľa zákona (by law)
  • rule or model: podľa receptu (following the recipe), podľa abecedy (in alphabetical order)

namiesto: instead of

namiesto kávy (instead of coffee), namiesto mňa (instead of me). Before a verb, use namiesto toho, aby.

okrem: except, besides

  • except: Okrem Petra prišli všetci. (Everyone came except Peter.)
  • besides, in addition to, usually with aj: Okrem slovenčiny hovorí aj po maďarsky. (Besides Slovak, she also speaks Hungarian.)
  • okrem toho: besides, moreover

pomocou: with the help of

pomocou slovníka (with the help of a dictionary), pomocou aplikácie (using an app).

Forms. The noun is in the genitive: káva → kávy, Peter → Petra, slovník → slovníka. Pronouns take the genitive too: podľa mňa, namiesto teba, okrem neho, okrem nej. See pronouns after prepositions. More everyday genitive prepositions are in common prepositions with the genitive.

Examples (6)

  1. Podľa mňa je to dobrý nápad.

    In my opinion, it's a good idea.

    Word by Word: According-to me is it good idea.

  2. Podľa predpovede bude zajtra pršať.

    According to the forecast, it will rain tomorrow.

    Word by Word: According-to forecast will-be tomorrow rain.

  3. Dám si čaj namiesto kávy.

    I'll have tea instead of coffee.

    Word by Word: I-give myself tea instead-of coffee.

  4. Okrem Petra prišli všetci.

    Everyone came except Peter.

    Word by Word: Except Peter came all.

  5. Okrem slovenčiny hovorí aj po maďarsky.

    Besides Slovak, she also speaks Hungarian.

    Word by Word: Besides Slovak she-speaks also Hungarian.

    Aj shows the "besides" meaning of okrem.

  6. Text som preložil pomocou slovníka.

    I translated the text with the help of a dictionary.

    Word by Word: Text am translated with-help-of dictionary.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the dative or accusative pronoun after podľa.

    Podľa mne je to dobrý nápad.
    Podľa mňa je to dobrý nápad.

    Podľa takes the genitive, so the pronoun is mňa. Mne is the dative, used for example in Mne sa to páči.

  • Using the accusative after namiesto.

    Dám si čaj namiesto kávu.
    Dám si čaj namiesto kávy.

    Namiesto takes the genitive: káva → kávy.

  • Translating "in my opinion" word for word.

    V mojom názore je to chyba.
    Podľa mňa je to chyba.

    Slovak does not say v mojom názore. Use podľa mňa or podľa môjho názoru.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

podľa / namiesto / okrem + GenitiveLevel 4According to, Instead of and Except

Learn This First

Before According To, Instead Of and Except, learn Genitive Singular Endings. These prepositions take genitive endings.

Words in This Pattern

podľaokrempomoc