Following a Complex Argument

Level 6

Ahakoa concedes a circumstance; nā te mea introduces grounds. Me recommends action, and Te āhua nei marks an apparent conclusion.

How It Works

Ahakoa introduces a phrase or clause whose circumstance does not defeat the main claim. Context distinguishes an actual concession from an even-if situation. Nā te mea introduces a reason. Each connected clause keeps its own aspect, negation, and participant marking.

Compare Maia's planting despite rain with beginning despite Pita's absence. The main clause marked by i asserts an earlier event; me proposes action without asserting that it occurred. Tātou identifies the inclusive group expected to begin.

An opening Te āhua nei presents a conclusion as apparent. Rina's bag being here provides grounds for concluding that she has arrived, but somebody else could have brought it. The causal clause explains the assessment without making it certain. Clauses have no agreement endings linking their subjects: noun phrases and pronouns identify who is involved. Assess the conceded circumstance, the stated reason, and the conclusion's certainty separately.

Examples (3)

  1. Ahakoa te ua, i whakatō a Maia i ngā rākau.

    Despite the rain, Maia planted the trees.

    A phrase concession accompanies an asserted past action.

  2. Ahakoa kāore a Pita i konei, me tīmata tātou.

    Although Pita is not here, we should begin.

    Pita's absence is conceded before an inclusive recommendation. Tātou includes the speaker, addressee, and at least one other person.

  3. Ahakoa kāore au i kite i a Rina, te āhua nei, kua tae mai ia, nā te mea kei konei tana pēke.

    Although I did not see Rina, it appears she has arrived, because her bag is here.

    The speaker concedes limited observation, qualifies the conclusion, and gives the bag's presence as grounds. Ia and tana refer to Rina in this context.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

Following a Complex ArgumentLevel 6

Learn This First

Separate what is conceded, what supplies grounds and what the speaker commits to, including the lesson's apparent-conclusion frame.