Adjectives From Nouns in -ски / -ен
Adjectives from Nouns
Noun + -ски or -ен = adjective: град → градски, зима → зимски, дрво → дрвен. Одиме на зимски одмор. (We are going on a winter holiday.)
How It Works
-ски. Very common for places, seasons and areas of life:
- град → градски (city), село → селски (village)
- зима → зимски (winter), море → морски (sea)
- спорт → спортски (sports), Македонија → македонски (Macedonian)
Adjectives from place names are written with a small letter: македонски, скопски. See capital and small letters. Many language names are -ски adjectives too: англиски, германски.
-ен. Often for materials and times:
- дрво → дрвен (wooden), злато → златен (golden, gold)
- лето → летен (summer), пролет → пролетен (spring), ден → дневен (daily)
In many -ен adjectives the е drops in the other forms: летен → летна, златен → златна, пролетен → пролетна. See adjectives with a disappearing vowel.
Agreement. The masculine singular and the plural look the same with -ски: градски автобус, градски автобуси. With the article: градскиот, градската, градското, градските. See adjective agreement. For "father's" or "mother's", use possessive adjectives instead.
Examples (6)
- Одиме на зимски одмор.
We are going on a winter holiday.
Word by Word: We-go on winter(adj) rest.
- Градскиот автобус доаѓа на секои дваесет минути.
The city bus comes every twenty minutes.
Word by Word: City-the bus comes on every twenty minutes.
- Купивме дрвена маса за кујната.
We bought a wooden table for the kitchen.
Word by Word: We-bought wooden table for kitchen-the.
- Ова е македонско вино.
This is Macedonian wine.
Word by Word: This is Macedonian(n) wine.
- Летната сезона почнува во јуни.
The summer season starts in June.
Word by Word: Summer-the season starts in June.
Летна is the feminine of летен. The е drops.
- Таа носи златен прстен.
She wears a gold ring.
Word by Word: She wears golden ring.
Common Mistakes
Writing an adjective from a place name with a capital letter.
Зборувам Македонски и Англиски.Зборувам македонски и англиски.Only the place name itself has a capital: Македонија. The adjective македонски is written with a small letter.
Keeping the е in the feminine of летен.
Летената сезона почнува во јуни.Летната сезона почнува во јуни.The е of летен drops before an ending: летна, летно, летни.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Adjectives from nouns build on nationalities and agreement.
Related Patterns
- Adjectives With a Disappearing Vowel
Explains the dropped е in летна and златна.
Level 2 - Capital and Small Letters
Adjectives such as македонски are written with a small letter.
Level 4 - зборувам македонскиTalking About Languages
Language names are -ски adjectives: македонски, англиски.
Level 1 - татков / мајчинPossessive Adjectives from Nouns
Another set of adjectives from nouns, showing whose something is.
Level 5
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Words in This Pattern
Practice Adjectives From Nouns in -ски / -ен in Bubblegum
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