сум + Adjective
Adjectives After Be
After сум, the adjective matches the subject: Градот е голем. Куќата е голема.
How It Works
Match the subject.
- Градот е голем. (The city is big.)
- Куќата е голема. (The house is big.)
- Селото е големо. (The village is big.)
- Децата се уморни. (The children are tired.)
Talking about yourself. A man says Јас сум уморен. A woman says Јас сум уморна. The same goes for ти: Ти си гладен? to a man, Ти си гладна? to a woman.
Plural. With ние, вие, тие and every plural noun, use -и: Ние сме среќни.
Деца is plural. It ends in -а, but it means children, so it takes a plural verb and adjective: Децата се гладни.
No article. An adjective that describes the subject after сум stays bare: Градот е голем, not големиот. With the article it means the one: Овој телефон е новиот. (This phone is the new one.)
See Adjective Agreement for the endings and Present Forms of Be for the verb.
Examples (6)
- Градот е голем.
The city is big.
- Куќата е голема.
The house is big.
- Децата се уморни.
The children are tired.
Деца is plural, so the adjective ends in -и.
- Јас сум гладна.
I am hungry.
Said by a woman. A man says Јас сум гладен.
- Кафето е ладно.
The coffee is cold.
- Ние сме среќни.
We are happy.
Common Mistakes
Leaving the adjective in the masculine form.
Куќата е голем.Куќата е голема.Куќа is feminine, so the adjective after е ends in -а.
Treating деца as feminine singular because it ends in -а.
Децата е уморна.Децата се уморни.Деца means children, so it takes се and a plural adjective.
A woman using the masculine form about herself.
Јас сум уморен.Јас сум уморна.When a woman talks about herself, the adjective takes the feminine -а.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Adjectives after сум combine agreement and the verb to be.
Related Patterns
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Words in This Pattern
Practice сум + Adjective in Bubblegum
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