оди / дојде / замине / се врати

Coming and Going

Level 3Sounds Like odi; doǰde; zamine; se vrati

Macedonian has a pair for each basic movement: оди / отиде (go), доаѓа / дојде (come), заминува / замине (leave) and се враќа / се врати (come back).

How It Works

The four pairs (imperfective — perfective):

  • оди — отиде: go (away from here)
  • доаѓа — дојде: come (toward the speaker or the listener)
  • заминува — замине: leave, set off on a trip
  • се враќа — се врати: come back, go back

Direction: as in English, доаѓа means moving toward the speaker or the listener, and оди means moving somewhere else. Еве, доаѓам! means "Coming!" when someone calls you. Where you go is covered in оди во; оди на.

Choosing the aspect:

  • Habits and routines: imperfective present. Секоја вечер се враќам доцна.
  • Timetables and firm plans: imperfective present, as in сегашно време за иднина. Возот заминува во шест.
  • One finished trip in the past: aorist of the perfective. Марија замина за Германија. · Вчера отидов на кино.
  • One trip in the future: ќе + perfective. Кога ќе се вратиш?

Се врати needs се. Without се, врати means "give something back": Ја вратив книгата. (I returned the book.) With се, you are the one coming back: Се вратив дома. (I came back home.)

Си оди: in everyday speech, си оди and си отиде mean "go home" or "leave": Гостите си отидоа доцна. (The guests left late.) Verbs that add a direction with a prefix, such as влезе (go in) and излезе (go out), are in влезе; излезе; помине.

Examples (6)

  1. Секој ден доаѓам со автобус, но вчера дојдов пешки.

    Every day I come by bus, but yesterday I came on foot.

    Word by Word: Every day I-come with bus, but yesterday I-came on-foot.

  2. Возот за Битола заминува во шест часот.

    The train to Bitola leaves at six o'clock.

    Word by Word: Train-the for Bitola leaves at six hour-the.

    A timetable uses the imperfective present.

  3. Марија замина за Германија минатата година.

    Marija left for Germany last year.

    Word by Word: Marija left for Germany last-the year.

  4. Кога ќе се вратиш од Охрид?

    When will you come back from Ohrid?

    Word by Word: When will yourself you-return from Ohrid?

  5. Секоја вечер се враќам доцна од работа.

    I come back late from work every evening.

    Word by Word: Every evening myself I-return late from work.

  6. Еве, доаѓам!

    Coming!

    Word by Word: Here, I-come!

    Said when someone calls you: you are moving toward them.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the bare perfective present for a future trip.

    Утре се вратам.
    Утре ќе се вратам.

    Вратам is perfective, so it needs ќе (or да, ако) in front of it. You can also say Утре се враќам, using the imperfective for a firm plan.

  • Leaving out се with врати when you mean "come back".

    Вратив дома доцна.
    Се вратив дома доцна.

    Врати without се means "give something back" and needs an object. To say that you came back, use се вратив.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

оди / дојде / замине / се вратиLevel 3Coming and Going

Learn This First

Coming and going combine aspect pairs and оди.

Words in This Pattern

одизаминесе вратизаминувасе враќаотиде