-ना पड़ना
Having to Because of Circumstances
Person + को + infinitive + पड़ना means has to: मुझे पैदल जाना पड़ा (I had to walk).
How It Works
This pattern describes something you have to do because of the situation, often against your wishes. बस नहीं आई, इसलिए मुझे पैदल जाना पड़ा means the bus did not come, so I had to walk.
| Hindi | English |
|---|---|
| मुझे जाना पड़ता है | I (usually) have to go |
| मुझे जाना पड़ा | I had to go |
| मुझे जाना पड़ेगा | I will have to go |
The person who must act takes को: मुझे, रीमा को, हमें. The verb does not agree with that person. With no object, it stays masculine singular: रीमा को जाना पड़ेगा.
If the action has an object with no postposition, the standard form agrees with that object: मुझे किताब पढ़नी पड़ेगी, because किताब is feminine. You will also hear पढ़ना पड़ेगा in everyday speech.
Compare similar patterns. -ना है says what you plan or have to do: मुझे कल जाना है. -ना चाहिए gives advice: आपको जाना चाहिए. -ना पड़ना adds the idea that you had no choice.
Examples (5)
- मुझे कल जल्दी उठना पड़ेगा।
I'll have to get up early tomorrow.
मुझे names who must act; पड़ेगा shows a future need.
- रीमा को आज घर पर रहना पड़ेगा।
Reema will have to stay home today.
पड़ेगा stays masculine even though Reema is female.
- मुझे यह किताब पढ़नी पड़ेगी।
I'll have to read this book.
पढ़नी पड़ेगी agrees with feminine किताब.
- हमें देर तक इंतज़ार करना पड़ा।
We had to wait a long time.
पड़ा shows a past need.
- बस नहीं आई, इसलिए मुझे पैदल जाना पड़ा।
The bus didn't come, so I had to walk.
The situation forced the action.
Common Mistakes
Using a plain subject.
मैं कल जाना पड़ेगा।मुझे कल जाना पड़ेगा।The person who must act takes को: मुझे, not मैं.
Making पड़ना agree with the person.
रीमा को जाना पड़ेगी।रीमा को जाना पड़ेगा।रीमा को has को, so it cannot control the verb. With no object, use पड़ेगा.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Having to builds on the -ना है frame and adds outside pressure.
Related Patterns
- -ना चाहिएSaying What Someone Should Do
-ना चाहिए gives advice about what you should do.
Level 2 - मुझे चिट्ठी लिखनी हैInfinitives That Agree with the Object
The infinitive can agree with a feminine or plural object: पढ़नी पड़ेगी.
Level 3 - मुझे / तुम्हें / आपकोPronouns with को
The person takes these को forms.
Level 1 - पड़ना as a Helper VerbCompound Verbs with पड़ना
After a verb stem, पड़ना means something different: वह रो पड़ी (she burst into tears).
Level 4
Words in This Pattern
Practice -ना पड़ना in Bubblegum
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