این‌ها و آن‌ها
These and Those
آن‌ها also means they, so one word names far things and people.
How It Works
| One | Many |
|---|---|
| این (this) | این‌ها (these) |
| آن (that) | آن‌ها (those, they) |
| این کتاب (this book) | این کتاب‌ها (these books) |
| آن دکان (that shop) | آن دکان‌ها (those shops) |
این‌ها and آن‌ها stand alone: این‌ها شاگرد استند. Before a noun, only the noun takes ـها, so you say این کتاب‌ها (these books).
آن‌ها for people means they: آن‌ها دوست من استند. For far things it means those: آن‌ها دکان استند. The sentence shows which one.
این‌ها and آن‌ها take the plural verb استند. When they name things, a singular است is also correct. A single thing takes است.
Type a half-space inside the word: این‌ها, not این ها.
Examples (5)
- این‌ها کتاب من استند.
These are my books.
این‌ها stands alone, and the verb استند is plural.
- آن‌ها دکان استند.
Those are shops.
آن‌ها means those.
- این کتاب‌ها خوب استند.
These books are good.
این stays the same, and the noun takes ـها.
- آن دکان‌ها کلان استند.
Those shops are big.
آن stays the same, and the noun takes ـها.
- آن‌ها دوست من استند.
They are my friends.
آن‌ها also means they, for people.
Common Mistakes
Typing a full space in این‌ها.
این ها خوب استند.این‌ها خوب استند.ها is an ending, not a word. Tie it to این with a half-space.
Using the plural pronoun before a noun.
این‌ها کتاب‌ها خوب استند.این کتاب‌ها خوب استند.Before a noun, این does not take ـها. Only the noun does.
How It Connects
Learn This First
These and those are the plural of this and that.
Related Patterns
Words in This Pattern
Practice این‌ها و آن‌ها in Bubblegum
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