ـها
Plurals with ـها
The noun itself never changes, and ـها works for people, animals and things.
How It Works
Add ـها to the end of a noun to make it plural. The noun does not change: کتاب (book) becomes کتاب‌ها (books), and خانه (house) becomes خانه‌ها (houses).
| One | More than one |
|---|---|
| کتاب | کتاب‌ها |
| بچه | بچه‌ها |
| گل | گل‌ها |
Write a half-space between the noun and ها. The two parts sit close together, and a full space is wrong.
ها works for people, animals and things: بچه‌ها (children), گل‌ها (flowers). A plural subject takes the plural verb استند. For things, a singular است is also correct. After a number, the noun stays singular: سه کتاب (three books), never سه کتاب‌ها.
Examples (5)
- کتاب‌ها اینجا استند.
The books are here.
کتاب becomes کتاب‌ها, and the verb is the plural استند.
- این خانه‌ها کلان استند.
These houses are big.
خانه becomes خانه‌ها, with a half-space after the silent ه.
- بچه‌ها در مکتب استند.
The children are at school.
ها works for people too.
- گل‌ها مقبول استند.
The flowers are pretty.
گل‌ها is the plural of گل.
- موتر‌ها در کابل استند.
The cars are in Kabul.
موتر‌ها is the plural of موتر.
Common Mistakes
Adding ها after a number.
سه کتابهاسه کتابA number already shows the plural, so the noun stays singular: سه کتاب.
Writing ها as a separate word with a full space.
کتاب هاکتابهاUse a half-space, so کتاب‌ها looks like one word.
How It Connects
Related Patterns
- ـانPlurals with ـان
ـان is a second plural ending for people and living things.
Level 2 - Nouns After Numbers
After a number the noun stays singular and has no ها.
Level 2 - این‌ها و آن‌هاThese and Those
این‌ها and آن‌ها are the plural of this and that.
Level 1 - Adjectives Stay the Same
An adjective stays the same for a plural noun.
Level 2 - The Half-Space
The half-space is the small gap between a noun and ها.
Foundations
Practice ـها in Bubblegum
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