encara que + Indicative/Subjunctive

Mood Contrast After Encara Que

Level 6

Encara que uses indicative for an asserted concession and subjunctive for an unasserted or hypothetical one.

How It Works

With indicative, the speaker presents the concessive circumstance as a fact: encara que plou, sortim. With subjunctive, the speaker can leave its truth open or treat it as irrelevant to the result: encara que plogui, sortirem.

In a policy or argument, encara que concessions should be assessed by what the author asserts, not by an editor's outside knowledge. Encara que sigui costós, ho farem brackets the cost as a concession; encara que és costós, ho fem asserts that cost as part of the account. Both can describe a real cost. Choose the version that matches the intended discourse and keep the main clause's time coherent.

Examples (3)

  1. Encara que és costós, ho fem.

    Although it is costly, we do it.

  2. Encara que sigui costós, ho farem.

    Even if it is costly, we will do it.

  3. Encara que ho hagin aprovat, ho revisarem.

    Even if they have approved it, we will review it.

How It Connects

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encara que + Indicative/SubjunctiveLevel 6Mood Contrast After Encara Que

Learn This First

Interpret concessive subjunctive without treating it as a declaration of falsehood.

Words in This Pattern

encara que