-ıb/-ib/-ub/-üb durmaq
Persistent Continuative Aspect
The -ıb durmaq construction indicates a persistent continuative aspect. It describes an action that the subject 'keeps on doing' or 'insists on doing' repeatedly. While it can be neutral, it often carries a tone of frustration or highlights the excessive nature of the action.
How It Works
At an advanced level, understanding aspect is crucial for expressing speaker attitude. The -ıb durmaq pattern serves several functions:
- Repetition and Persistence: It shows that an action isn't just happening once, but is occurring over and over again (e.g., 'He keeps calling').
- Speaker Evaluation: Unlike the neutral present continuous, this form often implies that the action is noteworthy, stubborn, or even annoying to the speaker.
- Negation: To stop the persistence, the auxiliary verb durmaq is negated (e.g., Danışıb durma! - 'Stop talking!'). Negating the main verb (e.g., danışmayıb durmaq) is rare and usually means 'to remain without talking'.
- Comparison: While -ıb durmaq emphasizes active, often annoying persistence, -ıb qalmaq emphasizes a resultant state or being 'stuck' in a condition.
Morphology:
1. Main Verb: Stem + vowel harmony suffix (-ıb, -ib, -ub, -üb). If the stem ends in a vowel, use the buffer -y- (e.g., gözlə-y-ib).
2. Auxiliary: Durmaq carries the tense (e.g., durur for present, dururdu for past continuous, duracaq for future).
Examples (5)
- O, hər dəfə eyni bəhanəni gətirib durur.
He keeps making the same excuse every time.
Word by Word: He, every time same excuse-the bringing stands.
The use of 'gətirib durur' suggests the speaker is tired of hearing the same excuse repeatedly.
- Niyə mənə elə baxıb durursan?
Why do you keep staring at me like that?
Word by Word: Why to-me so looking stand-you?
This implies the staring is persistent and perhaps making the speaker uncomfortable.
- Uşaq bütün günü ağlayıb dururdu.
The child kept crying all day long.
Word by Word: Child all day-the crying was-standing.
Here, the past continuous form of durmaq ('dururdu') emphasizes the long, uninterrupted duration of the crying.
- Külək səhərdən əsib durur.
The wind has been blowing persistently since morning.
Word by Word: Wind since-morning blowing stands.
In this context, the pattern is more descriptive/neutral, emphasizing the steady persistence of the wind.
- Məni niyə günahlandırıb durursunuz?
Why do you keep blaming me?
Word by Word: Me why blaming stand-you(plural)?
The pattern highlights the repetitive nature of the accusations.
Common Mistakes
Using it for simple, non-repetitive continuous actions.
Mən indi kitab oxuyub dururam.Mən indi kitab oxuyuram.If you are simply reading a book right now, use the standard present continuous. '-ıb durmaq' implies you've been doing it persistently or despite some reason to stop.
Translating 'durmaq' literally as 'to stand' in this context.
Different MeaningO, ayağa qalxıb gülüb durur.O, gülüb durur.Learners often think this means 'He stands and laughs.' While 'durmaq' means 'to stand,' in this grammatical construction, it loses its literal meaning and functions only as an aspect marker for persistence. If you mean the physical act of standing, use 'ayaq üstə' or 'dayanmaq'.
Violating 4-way vowel harmony on the converb suffix.
O, hər gün eyni mahnını oxuyıb durur.O, hər gün eyni mahnını oxuyub durur.Ensure the suffix matches the last vowel of the verb stem according to vowel harmony: -ıb (a/ı), -ib (e/ə/i), -ub (o/u), -üb (ö/ü). For 'oxumaq', the 'u' harmony is required.
How It Connects
Learn This First
To understand the persistent continuative aspect (-ıb durmaq), learners first need to be familiar with the -ıb converb suffix, which connects the two verbs. They must also understand how to conjugate the auxiliary verb 'durmaq' (to stand/stay) in the present tense to convey the 'keep doing' meaning, and apply vowel harmony rules to the suffix.
Related Patterns
- -ır/-ir/-ur/-ür (indiki zaman)Present Tense After Consonant Stems
The standard present tense, which is neutral compared to the evaluative/persistent nuance of '-ıb durmaq'.
Level 1 - -a-a/-ə-əRepeated Manner Converb
Another way to show repeated action, though '-ıb durmaq' is more common for expressing persistence or annoyance in modern speech.
Level 3 - Vowel harmony in basic suffixes
Essential for choosing the correct form of the -ıb/-ib/-ub/-üb suffix.
Level 1 - -dı/-di/-du/-düSimple Witnessed Past
The auxiliary 'durmaq' can be conjugated in this tense (e.g., 'durdu') to show a persistent action that happened in the past.
Level 2
Words in This Pattern
Practice -ıb/-ib/-ub/-üb durmaq in Bubblegum
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