-dığı kimi

As Stated or Done

Level 5

Use -dığı kimi to describe an action that happens in the same way as another action or according to a specific statement (e.g., 'As I said').

How It Works

The -dığı kimi construction is a highly frequent tool in Azerbaijani for citing evidence, referring to previous statements, or describing the manner of an action.

1. Formation:
The structure is built as follows:
Verb Stem + -dıq⁴ + Possessive Suffix + kimi

  • Vowel Harmony: The suffix follows 4-way vowel harmony (-dıq, -dik, -duq, -dük).
  • Consonant Mutation: Because the possessive suffix starts with a vowel, the final 'q' changes to 'ğ' and 'k' changes to 'y'. For example: yaz-dıq-ı becomes yazdığı.
  • Possessive Agreement: The possessive suffix must match the subject of the subordinate clause.

2. Usage Scenarios:

  • Correspondence: To show that something is happening according to a plan or promise (e.g., 'As promised...').
  • Evidence/Citing: To refer to what someone else said or what was observed (e.g., 'As the news reported...').
  • Manner: To describe the specific way an action is performed (e.g., 'He did it as he saw it').

3. Distinction from Turkish:
While Turkish uses -dığı gibi for both manner and immediate time ('as soon as'), Azerbaijani strictly uses -dığı kimi for manner and -an kimi for immediate time. Using -dığı kimi for time is considered a non-standard influence from Turkish.

Examples (5)

  1. Söz verdiyim kimi, vaxtında gəldim.

    As I promised, I came on time.

    Word by Word: Word gave-my as, time-in I-came.

    Here, the first person singular possessive '-im' is used because 'I' am the one who promised.

  2. Gördüyünüz kimi, hər şey hazırdır.

    As you see, everything is ready.

    Word by Word: Saw-your as, every thing ready-is.

    The second person plural/polite possessive '-ünüz' is used to address the listener.

  3. Müəllimin dediyi kimi, imtahan çətin idi.

    As the teacher said, the exam was difficult.

    Word by Word: Teacher-genitive said-his as, exam difficult was.

    When the subject is a noun (teacher), the noun takes the genitive case and the verb takes the 3rd person possessive.

  4. O, atasının istədiyi kimi həkim oldu.

    He became a doctor as his father wanted.

    Word by Word: He, father-his-genitive wanted-his as doctor became.

    This shows manner/correspondence: the result matches the father's wish.

  5. Hər şey planlaşdırdığımız kimi gedir.

    Everything is going as we planned.

    Word by Word: Every thing planned-our as goes.

    Uses the first person plural possessive '-ımız' to indicate 'we'.

Common Mistakes

  • Omitting the mandatory possessive suffix.

    Dedik kimi elədim.
    Dediyin kimi elədim.

    You cannot use the bare '-dıq' suffix with 'kimi'. You must add a possessive suffix to show who performed the action (e.g., 'as YOU said').

  • Using it for 'as soon as' (temporal) instead of manner.

    Evə gəldiyim kimi zəng elədim.
    Evə gələn kimi zəng elədim.

    To say 'as soon as I arrived', you must use the -an kimi pattern. Using '-dığı kimi' for time is a common error for those influenced by Turkish grammar.

  • Using the wrong person's possessive suffix.

    Mənim yazdığı kimi oxu.
    Mənim yazdığım kimi oxu.

    If the subject of the 'as' clause is 'Mən' (I), you must use the 1st person suffix '-ım', not the default 3rd person '-ı'.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

-dığı kimiLevel 5As Stated or Done

Learn This First

To understand '-dığı kimi', you need to be familiar with how the -dıq relative participle works, how it interacts with genitive subjects, and how the postposition 'kimi' is used to express similarity or manner.

Words in This Pattern

kimi-dik