-냐고

Whether, if (indirect question)

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-냐고 is used to quote or report a question someone asked. It's like saying '...asked if/whether...' in English.

Як гэта працуе

When you want to tell someone about a question that another person asked, you use -냐고. This is a fundamental pattern in reported speech.

Conjugation Rules:
The ending changes slightly depending on the type of word and tense.

1. Verbs: Attach -느냐고 to the verb stem.

In casual speech, this is often shortened to just -냐고 (e.g., 가냐고).

2. Adjectives: Attach -냐고 to the adjective stem, regardless of whether it ends in a vowel or a consonant.

3. Nouns (with 이다): Attach -(이)냐고.

4. Tense:

Past Tense (-았/었-): Attach -았/었느냐고 to the stem. (e.g., 먹었다 → 먹었느냐고, 갔다 → 갔느냐고)
Future Tense (-겠-): Attach -겠느냐고 to the stem. (e.g., 가겠다 → 가겠느냐고)

Just like with present tense verbs, the -느- in the past and future tense forms is often dropped in casual speech (e.g., 먹었냐고, 가겠냐고).

The full sentence structure is often: [Asker]이/가 [Listener]에게 [Question content]-냐고 묻다/물어보다.

친구가 저에게 어디 가느냐고 물었어요.
My friend asked me where I was going.
Слова за словам: Friend to me where are you going asked.
The verb 가다 becomes 가느냐고 to report the question '어디 가?'. In casual speech, '어디 가냐고' is more common.
엄마가 오늘 날씨가 춥냐고 하셨어요.
My mom asked if the weather is cold today.
Слова за словам: Mom today weather is cold said/asked.
The adjective stem 춥- is combined with -냐고. For this grammar pattern, the 'ㅂ' irregular rule does not apply, so it correctly becomes 춥냐고 (not 추우냐고).
선생님께서 제가 몇 학년이냐고 질문하셨어요.
The teacher asked what grade I am in.
Слова за словам: Teacher me what grade am asked a question.
The noun 학년 ends in a consonant, so it takes -이냐고.
동생이 점심을 먹었냐고 물어봤어요.
My younger sibling asked if I had eaten lunch.
Слова за словам: Younger sibling lunch ate asked.
This shows the past tense. The formal reported form is 먹었느냐고, but the colloquial form 먹었냐고 is very common in speech.
수진 씨가 이게 뭐냐고 해요.
Sujin is asking what this is.
Слова за словам: Sujin this what is it says/asks.
This example uses the noun 뭐 (what) with -냐고.

Using the verb conjugation for adjectives.
친구가 이 옷이 예쁘느냐고 했어요.
친구가 이 옷이 예쁘냐고 했어요.
Adjective stems take -냐고, not -느냐고. -느냐고 is for verbs. So, 예쁘다 becomes 예쁘냐고.
Confusing indirect and direct quotations.
친구가 "어디 가냐고?" 물었어요.
친구가 "어디 가?"라고 물었어요.
-냐고 is for indirect speech (no quotation marks). For direct quotes, use the original question form inside quotation marks followed by -라고.