af i / do i / ca i / gwna i

Irregular Short Future: Af I, Do I, Ca I, Gwna I

Level 3

Four very common verbs have their own future forms: a i (I'll go), do i (I'll come), ca i (I'll get) and gwna i (I'll do).

How It Works

Mynd (go): af i / a i, ei di, aiff e (North: eith o), awn ni, ewch chi, ân nhw

Dod (come): dof i / do i, doi di, daw e / o, down ni, dewch chi, dôn nhw

Cael (get, be allowed): caf i / ca i, cei di, caiff e (North: ceith o), cawn ni, cewch chi, cân nhw

Gwneud (do, make): gwnaf i / gwna i, gwnei di, gwnaiff e (North: gwneith or neith o), gwnawn ni, gwnewch chi, gwnân nhw

Useful phrases. Cawn ni weld (We'll see), Cei di fynd (You may go), Gwna i fe (I'll do it; North Mi wna i o). Ewch chi and dewch chi look just like the commands Ewch! and Dewch!; see chi imperatives.

Questions and negatives. Questions soften: Ddoi di?, Gei di?, Wnei di? (see ga i and wnei di and wnewch chi). Negatives take mixed mutation: Ddaw hi ddim, Cha i ddim, Wna i ddim. The object after these verbs softens: Ca i baned.

For their past forms, see es i des i ces i gwnes i. Regular verbs are in short future -a i -i di -ith e.

Examples (6)

  1. A i i'r siop nawr.

    I'll go to the shop now.

    A i is the spoken form of af i. North: rŵan for nawr.

  2. Do i gyda ti.

    I'll come with you.

    Do i is the spoken form of dof i.

  3. Daw hi yfory.

    She'll come tomorrow.

    Daw is used in North and South.

  4. Cawn ni weld.

    We'll see.

    A very common phrase. Gweld softens to weld after cawn ni.

  5. Gwna i fe nawr.

    I'll do it now.

    South. North: Mi wna i o rŵan.

  6. Eith o ddim i'r ysgol yfory.

    He won't go to school tomorrow.

    North: eith. South: Aiff e ddim.

Common Mistakes

  • Giving mynd regular endings.

    Mynda i i'r dref.
    A i i'r dref.

    Mynd is irregular: af i (a i), ei di, aiff e / eith o.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

af i / do i / ca i / gwna iLevel 3Irregular Short Future: Af I, Do I, Ca I, Gwna I

Learn This First

The irregular short futures belong to the same four verbs as the irregular pasts.

Learn Next

Patterns that build on this one.

Words in This Pattern

myndafdoicafcaiff