ћу / ћеш / ће / ћемо / ћете / ће

Talking About the Future

Level 2Sounds Like futur ću; ćeš; će; ćemo; ćete; će

Футур I (Future I) is the standard tense used to speak about events, facts, plans, and intentions that will happen in the future. It is formed by combining the unstressed forms of хтети (ћу, ћеш, ће, ћемо, ћете, ће) with a verb in the infinitive (or colloquially with да + present).

How It Works

Future I expresses neutral future occurrences, decisions, commitments, and predictions. Both verb aspects can be used: imperfective verbs depict ongoing or recurring actions in the future, while perfective verbs describe single, completed events.

The Auxiliary Conjugation:
Future I uses short (clitic) forms of the auxiliary verb хтети:
• ја ћу (I will)
• ти ћеш (you will)
• он / она / оно ће (he / she / it will)
• ми ћемо (we will)
• ви ћете (you will)
• они / оне / она ће (they will)

The corresponding full (stressed) forms of хтети are хоћу, хоћеш, хоће, хоћемо, хоћете, хоће (see full forms of want).

Word Order and Spelling Rules:
Clitics follow strict placement rules (see clitic ordering) and cannot stand at the very beginning of an affirmative clause. This creates two standard word orders:
• Preposed auxiliary (baseline): When any stressed word (such as a pronoun, noun, or adverb) precedes the auxiliary, the auxiliary occupies second position, and the infinitive remains a completely separate word written in full: Ја ћу радити, Сутра ћу радити, Марија ће стићи.
• Postposed aux with -ти verbs (fused form): When there is no preceding word and a -ти verb begins the clause, drop -ти and fuse the short auxiliary into a single word: радити → радићу, радићеш, радиће, радићемо, радићете, радиће.
• Sound changes for verbs ending in -сти: In postposed fused forms, verbs whose infinitive ends in -сти change с to ш before ћ: јести → јешћу; пасти → пашћу; трести → трешћу. Note that this change occurs only in the fused postposed form; when the auxiliary precedes the verb, the regular infinitive remains unaltered (e.g., ја ћу јести, not *ја ћу јешти).
• Verbs in -ћи: Never merge! The infinitive and auxiliary remain two separate words regardless of position: ићи ћу, стићи ћемо, or ја ћу ићи, ми ћемо стићи.

Questions with Future I:
Yes/no questions can be formed in two main ways (see yes or no questions):
• With да ли followed by the short auxiliary and infinitive: Да ли ћеш радити? / Да ли ће доћи?
• With the full form of хтети + ли + infinitive: Хоћеш ли радити? / Хоће ли доћи?
Short elliptical answers also employ these full forms: Хоћу. (Yes, I will.) / Нећу. (No, I won't.)

The 'да + презент' Alternative:
In conversational Serbian, Future I frequently alternates with the construction ћу / ћеш / ће... + да + present: Сутра ћу да радим instead of Сутра ћу радити. The infinitive construction (радићу or сутра ћу радити) serves as the primary norm in written and formal registers, whereas the да + презент form is characteristic of everyday spoken Serbian. Note that unlike the infinitive, the да + present clause cannot precede the enclitic auxiliary (*Да радим ћу is ungrammatical; the auxiliary must be supported by an initial element, as in Ја ћу да радим or Сутра ћу да радим).

Negation:
To negate, use the fused stressed negative forms нећу, нећеш, неће, нећемо, нећете, неће before the separate infinitive or да + present clause: Нећу доћи, Нећемо радити, Нећу да кажем (see negative future).

Examples (5)

  1. Сутра ћу завршити све обавезе.

    Tomorrow I will finish all my obligations.

    Word by Word: Tomorrow will-I finish all obligations.

    The temporal adverb 'сутра' occupies the initial position, so the enclitic 'ћу' sits in second position, followed by the separate infinitive.

  2. Јавићу ти се чим стигнем.

    I will get in touch with you as soon as I arrive.

    Word by Word: Will-notify-I you self as-soon-as arrive-I.

    The verb starts the sentence, so the -ти ending drops and merges with the clitic: 'јавити' + 'ћу' = 'јавићу'.

  3. Доћи ћемо на време, не брини.

    We will come on time, don't worry.

    Word by Word: Come will-we on time, not worry.

    With an infinitive ending in -ћи ('доћи'), the verb and the clitic 'ћемо' are written as two separate words.

  4. Шта ћеш радити вечерас?

    What will you do tonight?

    Word by Word: What will-you do tonight?

    In questions starting with an interrogative pronoun, the auxiliary 'ћеш' immediately follows the question word.

  5. Они ће сутра путовати за Београд.

    They will travel to Belgrade tomorrow.

    Word by Word: They will tomorrow travel for Belgrade.

    With an explicit subject pronoun ('они'), the clitic 'ће' follows the pronoun in second position.

Common Mistakes

  • Writing verbs ending in -ћи as a single merged word.

    Доћићу сутра код тебе.
    Доћи ћу сутра код тебе.

    Only -ти verbs merge when placed first (e.g., радићу). Verbs ending in -ћи (доћи, ићи, рећи) must always remain separate from the clitic: 'доћи ћу'.

  • Starting a sentence directly with the enclitic auxiliary.

    Ћу купити нови телефон.
    Купићу нови телефон.

    The auxiliary forms (ћу, ћеш, ће...) are clitics and cannot begin a sentence. Either fuse/place the verb first ('Купићу') or add an overt subject or adverb ('Ја ћу купити').

  • Keeping the letter -т- separated when writing postposed -ти verbs.

    Радит ћу цео дан.
    Радићу цео дан.

    In Serbian standard orthography, -ти is dropped completely and attached directly to the stem as a single word: 'радићу', not 'радит ћу'.

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ћу / ћеш / ће / ћемо / ћете / ћеLevel 2Talking About the Future

Learn This First

To form Futur I, learners need to understand how the auxiliary clitic forms of хтети combine with infinitives, and how the presence or omission of subject pronouns dictates the position and spelling of the verb.

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хтети