mă / te / îl / o / ne / vă / îi / le

• Forms: mă / m- (me), te / te- (you sg.), îl / l- / -l (him/it masc.), o (her/it fem.), ne / ne- (us), vă / v- (you pl./formal), îi / i- / -i (them masc.), le / le- (them fem.). For neuter nouns, use the masculine form in the singular (îl) and the feminine form in the plural (le).
• Placement: In simple tenses, they sit immediately before the conjugated verb (e.g., te văd - 'I see you'). However, they attach to the end of affirmative commands and gerunds, using a linking vowel -u- for gerunds before all clitics except the feminine singular o (e.g., ajută-mă - 'help me', văzându-l - 'seeing him', văzându-i - 'seeing them', but văzând-o - 'seeing her'). In negative commands, they sit before the verb (e.g., nu mă ajuta - 'do not help me'). Furthermore, the negative word nu routinely elides with vowel-initial clitics across indicative tenses (e.g., nu-l văd - 'I do not see him', n-o văd - 'I do not see her').
• Subjunctive, Infinitive, and Future: In the subjunctive and infinitive, clitics sit between the marker (să or a) and the verb. The marker să can contract with vowel-initial clitics (să îl văd and să-l văd are both possible); a contracts with îl to give a-l (e.g., să-l văd - 'that I see him', a-l vedea - 'to see him'), but the infinitive marker a and the feminine clitic o remain separate words and do not fuse (e.g., a o vedea - 'to see her'). In the standard future tense, the clitic sits before the auxiliary (e.g., îl voi vedea - 'I will see him', o voi vedea - 'I will see her'). In the colloquial future with o să, the clitic sits between să and the verb, fusing just like in the subjunctive (e.g., o să-l văd - 'I will see him', o s-o văd - 'I will see her').
• Compound Tenses: In compound tenses, clitics generally sit before the auxiliary verb, not the participle. Before vowel-initial words, especially the auxiliary in the compound perfect, they fuse with a hyphen (e.g., m-a văzut - 'he saw me', te-am văzut - 'I saw you', l-am văzut - 'I saw him').
• The "o" Exception: The feminine singular o is highly irregular. In the compound perfect and conditional forms, it moves after the past participle or infinitive and attaches with a hyphen (e.g., am văzut-o - 'I saw her', aș vedea-o - 'I would see her'). In the perfect conditional, it attaches to the past participle, not the infinitive (e.g., aș fi văzut-o - 'I would have seen her').
• Clitic Doubling: Doubling with postverbal personal names and common nouns depends on the construction, discourse, and specificity; the examples here show common doubled patterns (e.g., Îl aștept pe Ion. - 'I am waiting for Ion.'). Doubling is also mandatory for strong pronouns (e.g., Pe mine mă vezi. - 'You see me.') and fronted or topicalized definite objects (e.g., Cartea o citesc. - 'The book, I am reading it.').

Clitic Clusters: When an indirect-object clitic and a direct-object clitic occur together, the dative comes first and the forms bind as a cluster: mi-l dă (he gives it to me), ți-o aduc (I bring it to you), i le trimit (I send them to him/her).
Be careful not to confuse these with indirect-object clitics (Dative) or reflexive pronouns, which share several identical forms but serve different syntactic functions.