dešimt / vienuolika + genitive
Ten and Up with the Genitive
dešimt eurų ten euros · penkiolika studentų fifteen students · šimtas žmonių a hundred people
How It Works
Which numbers.
- dešimt (10)
- vienuolika, dvylika, trylika, keturiolika, penkiolika, šešiolika, septyniolika, aštuoniolika, devyniolika (11-19)
- dvidešimt, trisdešimt, keturiasdešimt and the other round tens
- šimtas (100), tūkstantis (1000), milijonas
Compare 1-9. The small numbers agree with the noun instead, see numbers one to nine: du eurai, penki eurai, but dešimt eurų. The idea is like daug žmonių (many people): the number names an amount "of" something.
The last word decides. In a compound number, look only at the last word: dvidešimt vienas euras (21), dvidešimt trys eurai (23), but šimtas dvylika eurų (112) and du šimtai eurų (200). See compound numbers.
Hundreds and thousands. Šimtas and tūkstantis are real nouns, so they change after 2-9: du šimtai, trys tūkstančiai. The counted noun stays in the genitive plural: trys tūkstančiai eurų.
Age and years. This is why you say Man dvidešimt metų (I am twenty): metų is the genitive plural of metai. See saying your age. When the whole phrase changes case, the number word may change, but the noun stays in the genitive plural: po vienuolikos metų (eleven years later).
Examples (6)
- Bilietas kainuoja dešimt eurų.
The ticket costs ten euros.
- Mano sūnui vienuolika metų.
My son is eleven.
Word by Word: To-my son eleven of-years.
- Grupėje yra penkiolika studentų.
There are fifteen students in the group.
- Lauke trisdešimt laipsnių karščio.
It is thirty degrees out.
Round tens such as trisdešimt also take the genitive plural.
- Salėje buvo šimtas žmonių.
There were a hundred people in the hall.
- Iki Klaipėdos dar du šimtai kilometrų.
It is still two hundred kilometers to Klaipėda.
Šimtas becomes du šimtai, but kilometrų stays genitive plural.
Common Mistakes
Using the nominative plural after dešimt.
Tai kainuoja dešimt eurai.Tai kainuoja dešimt eurų.Two to nine and compound numbers ending in those simple number words can take the nominative plural. After dešimt, the noun is in the genitive plural.
Treating 11-19 like the numbers 1-9.
Mūsų klasėje dvylika mokiniai.Mūsų klasėje dvylika mokinių.Dvylika ends in -lika, so the noun takes the genitive plural -ų.
Following the first word of a compound number instead of the last.
Turiu dvidešimt vieną eurų.Turiu dvidešimt vieną eurą.In 21 the last word is vienas, which takes a singular noun. An ending such as ten, a round ten, a teen, šimtas or tūkstantis requires the genitive plural.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Ten, teens and round tens require a genitive plural noun.
Related Patterns
- Compound Numbers
In compound numbers, the last word decides the noun form.
Level 3 - Saying Your Age
Age uses metų, the genitive plural of metai.
Level 2 - kiek + genitiveHow Many and How Much
Kiek (how many) takes the genitive in the question.
Level 2 - Plural Case Endings
Shows the genitive plural ending -ų for every noun type.
Level 2
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.