si quis, ne quis, quicumque
If Anyone, Whoever
After si, nisi, num and ne, use quis and quid, not aliquis.
How It Works
| Latin | Meaning |
|---|---|
| si quis venit | if anyone comes |
| si quid habes | if you have anything |
| si qua puella venit | if any girl comes |
| ne quis intret | so that no one comes in |
| quicumque venit | whoever comes |
| quodcumque facis | whatever you do |
The feminine after si and ne is often qua. When quis stands alone at the start of a sentence, it is the question word who.
With the indicative, si quis venit is a plain condition. The Vulgate uses the same si quis with commands: si quis mihi ministrat, followed by a command in the subjunctive.
Examples (5)
- Si quis venit, ianuam aperi.
If anyone comes, open the door.
Quis after si means anyone.
- Ianuam claudo ne quis intret.
I shut the door so that no one comes in.
Ne quis starts a negative purpose clause, and intret is subjunctive.
- Si quis mihi ministrat, me sequatur.
If anyone serves me, let him follow me.
John 12:26. Si quis is if anyone, and sequatur is a command in the subjunctive.
- Quicumque in villam intrat, hospes est.
Whoever enters the house is a guest.
Quicumque is the subject of intrat, and the verb is indicative.
- Si quid habes, da pauperibus.
If you have anything, give it to the poor.
Quid is neuter: anything. Pauperibus is the dative plural.
Common Mistakes
Using quis alone for anyone.
Quis venit, ianuam aperi.Si quis venit, ianuam aperi.Quis by itself begins a question, so Quis venit means Who is coming? It means anyone only after si, nisi, num or ne.
How It Connects
Learn This First
These words combine si, ne and quis.
Related Patterns
- quis / quid: cuius, cui, quem (Whose, To Whom, Whom)Who and What in Every Case
The cases of quis after si.
Level 4 - If He Comes: si venerit
Si quis venerit is a typical condition.
Level 5 - ut / ne (Purpose: So That, In Order To)So That, In Order to
Ne quis begins a purpose clause.
Level 5 - Who, Which, That: qui, quae, quod
Quicumque is built on qui.
Level 3
Words in This Pattern
Practice si quis, ne quis, quicumque in Bubblegum
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