Had Been and Will Have Been: amatus eram, amatus ero
Had Been and Will Have Been: Amatus Eram
Participle plus eram means had been. Participle plus ero means will have been.
How It Works
| Tense | I | he, she, it | they |
|---|---|---|---|
| pluperfect passive | amatus eram | amatus erat | amati erant |
| future perfect passive | amatus ero | amatus erit | amati erunt |
The form of sum shows the time. With est the action is simply done: the letter was written. With erat it was done before another moment in the past: the letter had been written. With erit it will be finished before a moment in the future: the letter will have been written.
The full table follows the pattern of sum: amatus eras, amati eramus, amatus eris, amati erimus.
Examples (5)
- Epistula scripta erat.
The letter had been written.
Erat puts the writing before another past moment.
- Puellae iam vocatae erant.
The girls had already been called.
Vocatae erant is the pluperfect passive, feminine plural.
- Liber cras scriptus erit.
The book will have been written by tomorrow.
Erit makes the action finished before a future moment.
- Ubi cena parata erit, pueri venient.
When dinner has been prepared, the boys will come.
Parata erit is the future perfect passive; parata agrees with cena.
- Missa a sacerdote celebrata erat.
Mass had been celebrated by the priest.
Celebrata erat is the pluperfect passive.
Common Mistakes
Using est when the action came earlier.
Epistula scripta est.Epistula scripta erat.Est says that the letter was written. Erat puts the writing before another moment in the past. The intended meaning was: the letter had been written.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Only the helping verb changes from the perfect passive.
Related Patterns
Words in This Pattern
Practice Had Been and Will Have Been: amatus eram, amatus ero in Bubblegum
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