bagaimanapun juga
Nevertheless or in Any Case
Bagaimanapun juga means nevertheless, after all, or in any case. It presents a claim or stance that the speaker maintains despite the preceding consideration.
How It Works
Bagaimanapun juga is a transition used to maintain a point despite another consideration. While bagaimana means 'how', the addition of the concessive particle pun and the adverb juga forms an expression that can set aside a consideration for the current point.
Key Usage Rules:
- Formality: This is a standard (baku) expression. In colloquial speech, speakers often use pokoknya to achieve a similar 'in any case' effect.
- Sentence Connector: It most frequently appears at the start of a sentence, followed by a comma, to link back to a previous point.
- Optional 'Juga': The word juga is optional and can contribute emphasis; the phrase can stand alone as bagaimanapun.
- Spelling: Note that bagaimanapun is written as one word (the pun is attached), while juga is separate.
Unlike a simple tetapi (but), which just shows contrast, bagaimanapun juga carries the nuance of 'after all' or 'at the end of the day.' The speaker presents the following point as still relevant or decisive in context; this does not establish an objective ranking of factors.
Examples (4)
- Dia memang sering terlambat. Bagaimanapun juga, dia adalah pekerja yang paling rajin di kantor ini.
He/she is indeed often late. Nevertheless, he/she is the most diligent worker in this office.
Word by Word: He/she indeed often late. How-even also, he/she is worker who most diligent at office this.
Here, the speaker acknowledges a flaw (lateness) but uses the pattern to assert that his diligence is the more important, overriding fact.
- Kita mungkin akan kalah dalam pertandingan ini. Tapi kita harus berjuang, bagaimanapun juga.
We might lose this match. But we must fight, in any case.
Word by Word: We might will lose in match this. But we must fight, how-even also.
In this example, the phrase is placed at the end of the sentence to emphasize that the need to fight remains true regardless of the outcome.
- Mungkin dia salah paham, tetapi bagaimanapun juga, kau tidak seharusnya membentaknya.
Maybe he/she misunderstood, but in any case, you should not have shouted at him/her.
Word by Word: Maybe he/she misunderstand, but how-even also, you not should shout-at-him/her.
The speaker dismisses the excuse (misunderstanding) to focus on the final moral conclusion (you shouldn't shout).
- Bagaimanapun juga, keselamatan penumpang adalah prioritas utama kami.
After all, the safety of the passengers is our main priority.
Word by Word: How-even also, safety passenger is priority main our.
The speaker reaffirms a policy or priority. The expression presents a maintained stance, not an independently verified ultimate truth.
Common Mistakes
Writing 'pun' as a separate word.
Bagaimana pun juga, kita harus pergi.Bagaimanapun juga, kita harus pergi.In standard Indonesian (PUEBI), the word 'bagaimanapun' is one of the fixed conjunctions where 'pun' must be attached to the preceding word.
Joining independent clauses without clear punctuation or a suitable clause connector.
Saya lapar bagaimanapun juga saya tidak punya uang.Saya lapar tetapi saya tidak punya uang.For the simple contrast intended here, tetapi joins the clauses clearly. To use bagaimanapun juga as a transition, start a separate sentence and supply a context that makes the relationship clear; it is not excluded merely because the subject is everyday life.
How It Connects
Learn This First
To understand 'bagaimanapun juga', you need to know the question word 'bagaimana' (how) and how the particle 'pun' transforms question words into indefinite expressions (like 'however'). Finally, 'juga' is added to complete the fixed idiomatic phrase meaning 'nevertheless' or 'in any case'.
Related Patterns
- namunSentence-level Contrast with Namun
Namun introduces a contrast. Bagaimanapun juga can add the sense that the speaker maintains a point in any case, but neither expression guarantees finality.
Level 4 - meskipun demikianNevertheless with Meskipun Demikian
Meskipun demikian also means even so or nevertheless and commonly starts a sentence referring to a preceding point.
Level 4 - jugaAlso with Juga
Juga is optional here and can add emphasis; it does not by itself make the conclusion inevitable.
Level 1 - walaupunConcession with Walaupun
Walaupun means 'although'; it introduces the concession itself, whereas bagaimanapun juga introduces the conclusion following a concession.
Level 2
Words in This Pattern
Practice bagaimanapun juga in Bubblegum
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