kina-

Naming a Property

Level 3

A kina- noun names a quality and can take noun marking or a possessor.

How It Works

The supplied modern text attests kinabaknang, “wealth,” kinasirib, “wisdom,” and kinaumno, “correctness.” These words name properties rather than directly describe their bearers.

Compare Nabaknang ni Rosa., “Rosa is wealthy,” with the noun phrase ti kinabaknang ni Rosa, “Rosa’s wealth.” The adjective attributes a property; the noun names it. In this supported pair, kina- combines with baknang, not with the entire adjective nabaknang. Learn suitable bases through established forms rather than applying this operation to every adjective.

A following possessor identifies the bearer. Kinabaknangna means “his or her wealth”: modern spelling attaches the short possessor, and -na does not distinguish gender. Property nouns take ordinary noun-phrase marking. Also distinguish nominal kina- from the same initial sequence in completed accessory-focus verbs; their clause structure and meaning differ.

Examples (3)

  1. Napateg ti kinabaknang ti ili.

    The town’s wealth is important.

    The property noun is evaluated, and ti ili identifies its bearer.

  2. ti kinasirib ti maestra

    the teacher’s wisdom

    Noun-phrase fragment with a following common-noun possessor.

  3. Napateg ti kinaumno ti surat.

    The correctness of the letter is important.

    Kinaumno names the property being evaluated.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

kina-Level 3Naming a Property

Learn This First

Name a property itself with an established kina- noun.