bo-
Bo-: In-Law
Bo- before a family word names a relative by marriage.
How It Works
| Family word | With bo- | Meaning |
|---|---|---|
| patro, patrino | bopatro, bopatrino | father-in-law, mother-in-law |
| filo, filino | bofilo, bofilino | son-in-law, daughter-in-law |
| frato, fratino | bofrato, bofratino | brother-in-law, sister-in-law |
Bo- appears mostly in these six words. A bofrato can be the brother of your husband or wife, or the husband of your sister. For other relatives, Esperanto usually uses the plain words, such as nevo and kuzo.
Bo- stands in front of the whole family word and does not change its ending, so the plural is bopatroj and the object is bopatron.
Examples (5)
- Ana vizitas sian bopatron en Aŭstralio.
Ana visits her father-in-law in Australia.
Bopatro is the father of Ana's husband or wife, and sian points back to Ana.
- La bofratino de Ewa loĝas en Kanado.
Ewa's sister-in-law lives in Canada.
Bofratino is a sister by marriage, and -in- shows a woman.
- Pedro invitis sian bofraton al la kongreso.
Pedro invited his brother-in-law to the congress.
Bofraton is the object, so it has -n.
- Lia bopatrino parolas kvin lingvojn.
His mother-in-law speaks five languages.
Bopatrino is the mother of his wife or husband.
- Mia bofilino estas kuracistino.
My daughter-in-law is a doctor.
Bofilino is the wife of my son.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Bo- names a relative by marriage.
Related Patterns
- ge-Ge-: Both Sexes
The prefix for male and female together.
Level 3 - -id--id-: Young or Child of
The ending for a child of a parent.
Level 4 - mia, via, lia, ŝia, ĝia, nia, iliaMy, Your, His, Her, Our, Their
The possessives that go with family words.
Level 2 - One Root, Many Words
How one root grows into a family of words.
Level 2
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Practice bo- in Bubblegum
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