ад + Genitive
From with Ад and the Genitive
Ад + genitive means "from": ліст ад мамы (a letter from Mom), далёка ад горада (far from the city).
How It Works
1. From a person. ліст ад мамы (a letter from Mom), падарунак ад сябра (a present from a friend). Coming back from someone's place also uses ад: Я іду ад сябра (I am coming from my friend's).
2. A starting point. ад дома да школы (from home to school). The full pattern is ад ... да.
3. Away from. далёка ад горада (far from the city), недалёка ад мора (not far from the sea).
4. Protection and cause. лекі ад кашлю (cough medicine, literally "medicine from a cough"), Я дрыжу ад холаду (I am shivering from the cold).
Ад or з? Think of the way there. You go у горад and come back з горада, but you go да сябра and come back ад сябра. Pronouns take their genitive forms with no added н-: ад мяне, ад яго, ад іх.
Examples (6)
- Гэта ліст ад мамы.
This is a letter from Mom.
Мама → мамы, the genitive.
- Я іду ад сябра.
I am coming from my friend's place.
Ад is the return trip from да сябра.
- Ад дома да школы пяць хвілін.
It is five minutes from home to school.
Дом → дома, the starting point.
- Наша вёска далёка ад горада.
Our village is far from the city.
Горад → горада.
- Гатэль недалёка ад мора.
The hotel is not far from the sea.
Мора → мора: this neuter noun looks the same in the genitive.
- Гэта кветкі ад мяне.
These flowers are from me.
Я → мяне, the genitive.
Common Mistakes
Using з for something that comes from a person.
Гэта ліст з мамы.Гэта ліст ад мамы.З means "out of" a place, as in з Мінска. A person you receive something from takes ад.
Keeping the nominative after ад.
Наша вёска далёка ад горад.Наша вёска далёка ад горада.Ад always takes the genitive: горад → горада.
How It Connects
Learn This First
Ад is learned with да.
Related Patterns
- з + GenitiveFrom with З and the Genitive
З + genitive is "from" out of a place; ад is "from" a person or point.
Level 1 - ад ... даFrom ... to with Ад and Да
Ад and да together express "from ... to".
Level 3 - у + Person in the GenitiveAt Someone's Place with У
Being at a person's place, between going there and coming back.
Level 2 - Genitive Singular Endings
The genitive endings used after ад.
Level 2
Learn Next
Patterns that build on this one.
Words in This Pattern
Practice ад + Genitive in Bubblegum
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