náà

The Identifiable One

Level 2

Noun phrase + náà: an identifiable referent; ìwọ náà: you too.

How It Works

After a noun phrase, náà commonly identifies a referent recoverable from earlier conversation or the immediate situation. English often translates the phrase with “the”. Yoruba does not require this marker wherever English requires an article.

Compare àpò kan, “a certain bag”, with àpò náà, “the bag”. The second phrase directs the listener to an identifiable bag. The marker retains its form in plural àwọn ọmọ náà. In an additive use, ìwọ náà means “you too”, adding the addressee to another relevant participant. Conversation determines what is added; position alone does not supply a complete scope rule. Interpret each occurrence within the full utterance, and preserve both vowels and the high-low tone pattern of náà.

Examples (3)

  1. Àpò náà wà ní ilé.

    The bag is at home.

    The intended bag is identifiable.

  2. Àwọn ọmọ náà ń jó.

    The children are dancing.

    Náà identifies the group.

  3. Ìwọ náà fẹ́ lọ.

    You too want to go.

    The addressee joins another relevant participant.