ní ... láti

Having an Obligation

Level 3

Ní láti introduces a required action; kò ní láti removes the requirement.

How It Works

Build the affirmative pattern as subject + ní láti + action, including the objects or other dependents the action requires. The main subject performs the required action; no new subject pronoun follows láti in this pattern. The markers receive no person or number endings. A preceding future marker can place the requirement in a prospective frame.

Preserve high-tone ní; mid-tone focus ni has another function. Wanting an action and having to perform it express different attitudes: desire can be absent while a requirement remains. The reference explicitly glosses kò ní láti as “do not have to.” Thus A kò ní láti ra omi says buying water is unnecessary; Ẹ má ra omi instructs the addressees not to buy it. Absence of a requirement alone says nothing about ability or permission. Affirmative ní láti does not identify whether the requirement comes from a rule or circumstances.

Examples (3)

  1. Adé ní láti ra ìwé.

    Adé has to buy a book.

    The complement specifies the required action.

  2. Wọ́n máa ní láti lọ sí ilé-ìwé.

    They will have to go to school.

    Máa supplies a prospective frame.

  3. A kò ní láti ra omi.

    We do not have to buy water.

    The negative removes necessity without expressing prohibition.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

ní ... látiLevel 3Having an Obligation

Learn This First

Subject + ní láti + action expresses “have to.”