chunonchi

Namely, For Instance

Level 6

chunonchi means namely or for instance. Name a group first, then list examples after chunonchi: Vodiyda turli mevalar yetishtiriladi, chunonchi, olma, uzum va oʻrik (Various fruits are grown in the valley, for instance apples, grapes and apricots).

How It Works

How it works. First name a group or a general idea. Then write a comma, chunonchi, another comma (some writers use a colon here), and the examples:

  • turli mevalar ..., chunonchi, olma, uzum va oʻrik (various fruits, for instance apples, grapes and apricots)
  • bir necha belgisi bor, chunonchi, isitma, yoʻtal va holsizlik (it has several symptoms, namely fever, cough and weakness)

Namely or for instance. When the list gives every member, chunonchi means namely. When it gives only some of them, it means for instance. The sentence tells you which.

Keep the same ending. When the list stands for a word in the sentence, it takes that word's case ending. In U bir necha xorijiy tilni, chunonchi, ingliz, nemis va turk tillarini biladi (She knows several foreign languages, namely English, German and Turkish), both tilni and tillarini carry the object ending -ni.

Opening a sentence. Chunonchi can also start a new sentence that gives an example of the one before, with a comma after it: Bu hududda noyob hayvonlar yashaydi. Chunonchi, qor qoploni shu yerda uchraydi. (Rare animals live in this area. For instance, the snow leopard is found here.)

Everyday words. Chunonchi is bookish. Everyday speech uses masalan (for example), one of the parenthetical words, or yaʼni (that is). Do not mix it up with chunki (because). The two words look alike, but chunki gives a reason.

Examples (5)

  1. Vodiyda turli mevalar yetishtiriladi, chunonchi, olma, uzum va oʻrik.

    Various fruits are grown in the valley, for instance apples, grapes and apricots.

    Word by Word: Valley-in various fruits are-grown, for-instance, apple, grape and apricot.

  2. U bir necha xorijiy tilni, chunonchi, ingliz, nemis va turk tillarini biladi.

    She knows several foreign languages, namely English, German and Turkish.

    Word by Word: She one several foreign language-(obj), namely, English, German and Turkish languages-(obj) knows.

    The list takes the object ending -ni, just like tilni.

  3. Bu hududda noyob hayvonlar yashaydi. Chunonchi, qor qoploni shu yerda uchraydi.

    Rare animals live in this area. For instance, the snow leopard is found here.

    Word by Word: This area-in rare animals live. For-instance, snow leopard this place-in is-met.

    Chunonchi opens a new sentence with an example of the one before.

  4. Samarqandda koʻplab qadimiy obidalar bor, chunonchi, Registon maydoni va Goʻri Amir maqbarasi.

    Samarkand has many ancient monuments, for instance Registan Square and the Gur-e Amir mausoleum.

    Word by Word: Samarkand-in many ancient monuments there-are, for-instance, Registan square and Gur-e Amir mausoleum.

  5. Bu kasallikning bir necha belgisi bor, chunonchi, isitma, yoʻtal va holsizlik.

    This illness has several symptoms, namely fever, cough and weakness.

    Word by Word: This illness-of one several sign-its there-is, namely, fever, cough and weakness.

Common Mistakes

  • Using chunonchi to give a reason, confusing it with chunki (meant: I didn't come to class yesterday because I was ill).

    Kecha darsga kelmadim, chunonchi kasal edim.
    Kecha darsga kelmadim, chunki kasal edim.

    Chunonchi brings in examples. To give a reason, use chunki (because).

  • Dropping the case ending from the list.

    U bir necha xorijiy tilni, chunonchi, ingliz va nemis tillari biladi.
    U bir necha xorijiy tilni, chunonchi, ingliz va nemis tillarini biladi.

    The list stands for the object of biladi, so it needs -ni, just like tilni.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

chunonchiLevel 6Namely, For Instance

Learn This First

Builds on That Is: yaʼni.