môj / tvoj / náš / váš

My, Your and Our

Level 1

Môj, tvoj, náš and váš match the thing you own: môj brat, moja sestra, moje auto. Jeho, jej and ich show whose it is and never change.

How It Works

Here are the forms for one thing owned:

  • môj, moja, moje: my (môj dom, moja mama, moje auto)
  • tvoj, tvoja, tvoje: your, for one person you call ty (tvoj telefón, tvoja taška, tvoje meno)
  • náš, naša, naše: our (náš byt, naša škola, naše mesto)
  • váš, vaša, vaše: your, for several people or for one person you call vy (váš kufor, vaša izba, vaše dieťa)

The ô and á appear only in the masculine form: môj but moja, náš but naša.

In the plural, use moji, tvoji, naši, vaši with masculine nouns for people, like moji rodičia (my parents). Use moje, tvoje, naše, vaše for everything else, like moje knihy (my books).

Jeho (his, its), jej (her) and ich (their) never change: jeho brat, jeho sestra, jeho auto. Choose them by the owner. Peter's sister is jeho sestra, and Jana's brother is jej brat.

Choose between tvoj and váš the same way you choose between ty and vy. With a teacher or a stranger, say váš: Je to váš kufor? (Is this your suitcase?)

Later you will meet svoj, which often replaces these words when the owner is the subject of the sentence.

Examples (6)

  1. Môj brat býva v Bratislave.

    My brother lives in Bratislava.

    Brat is masculine, so my is môj.

  2. Moja sestra je lekárka.

    My sister is a doctor.

    Sestra is feminine, so my is moja.

  3. Naše auto je červené.

    Our car is red.

    Auto is neuter, so our is naše.

  4. Je to váš kufor?

    Is this your suitcase?

    Váš is polite when you speak to one person with vy.

  5. Jej dom je pri rieke.

    Her house is by the river.

    Jej stays the same whatever the noun is.

  6. Tvoji rodičia sú veľmi milí.

    Your parents are very nice.

    Rodičia is a masculine plural for people, so it takes tvoji.

Common Mistakes

  • Matching the possessive to the wrong gender.

    Moja auto je nové.
    Moje auto je nové.

    Auto is neuter, so my must be moje.

  • Choosing jej because the thing owned is female, when the owner is a man.

    Peter a jej sestra bývajú v Nitre.
    Peter a jeho sestra bývajú v Nitre.

    If you mean Peter's sister, use jeho, because Peter is the owner. Jej sestra would mean some woman's sister.

  • Using moje with a plural noun for people.

    Moje rodičia sú doma.
    Moji rodičia sú doma.

    Rodičia is a masculine plural noun for people, so it takes moji. You may hear moje rodičia in casual speech, but standard Slovak uses moji.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

môj / tvoj / náš / vášLevel 1My, Your and Our

Learn This First

Before My, Your and Our, learn Adjective Agreement and Subject Pronouns. Possessives agree with the noun like adjectives. Each possessive matches a personal pronoun: ja → môj, ty → tvoj.

Words in This Pattern

môjtvojnášváš