Case Forms of ten, môj and náš

Level 3

Ten (that, the), môj (my) and náš (our) take adjective-like endings: v tom dome (in that house), u môjho brata (at my brother's), s našou mamou (with our mom).

How It Works

Masculine and neuter singular.

  • Genitive: toho, môjho, nášho
  • Dative: tomu, môjmu, nášmu
  • Locative: o tom, o mojom, o našom
  • Instrumental: tým, mojím, naším

The accusative is toho, môjho, nášho for masculine people and animals, and ten, môj, náš (to, moje, naše for neuter) for things.

Feminine singular.

  • Genitive, dative and locative: tej, mojej, našej
  • Accusative: tú, moju, našu
  • Instrumental: tou, mojou, našou

Plural, all genders.

  • Genitive and locative: tých, mojich, našich
  • Dative: tým, mojim, našim
  • Instrumental: tými, mojimi, našimi

For masculine people the accusative plural uses the genitive form: Poznáš tých ľudí?

Long and short i. The instrumental singular has a long í: s mojím bratom, s naším psom. The dative plural has a short i: k mojim rodičom, k našim susedom. Tým is long in both: s tým mužom, k tým ľuďom.

The vowel change. Môj and náš have ô and á only in môj, môjho, môjmu and náš, nášho, nášmu. Every other form has o and a: mojom, moja, našej. Tvoj and váš follow the same patterns: tvojho, tvojej; vášho, vašej.

Tento. Tento (this) is ten with -to added: tohto, tomuto, v tomto, týmto, tejto, túto, touto.

Words that never change. Jeho (his), jej (her) and ich (their) keep the same form in every case: s jeho sestrou, u jej brata. See my, your and our.

Examples (6)

  1. Kniha je u môjho brata.

    The book is at my brother's.

    Word by Word: Book is at my brother.

    U takes the genitive: môjho brata.

  2. V tom dome býva moja kamarátka.

    My friend lives in that house.

    Word by Word: In that house lives my friend.

    The locative of ten is tom.

  3. Deti sú doma s našou mamou.

    The children are at home with our mom.

    Word by Word: Children are home with our mom.

    The feminine instrumental of náš is našou.

  4. Poznáš tých ľudí?

    Do you know those people?

    Word by Word: You-know those people?

    For people, the accusative plural is tých.

  5. Daj to tomu chlapcovi.

    Give it to that boy.

    Word by Word: Give it that boy.

    The masculine dative of ten is tomu.

  6. Pomáha mojim rodičom v záhrade.

    He helps my parents in the garden.

    Word by Word: He-helps my parents in garden.

    The dative plural mojim has a short i.

Common Mistakes

  • Writing a short i in the instrumental singular.

    Peter hrá tenis s mojim bratom.
    Peter hrá tenis s mojím bratom.

    The instrumental singular is mojím with a long í. Mojim with a short i is the dative plural.

  • Keeping ô where the form needs o.

    Kniha je v môjom batohu.
    Kniha je v mojom batohu.

    Only môj, môjho and môjmu have ô. The locative is mojom.

  • Leaving ten in the nominative after a preposition.

    Hovorili sme o tá žena.
    Hovorili sme o tej žene.

    O takes the locative, so both words change: tej žene.

How It Connects

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Case Forms of ten, môj and nášLevel 3

Learn This First

Before Case Forms of ten, môj and náš, learn That One by Gender, My, Your and Our and Dative, Locative and Instrumental Plural. ten changes for case as well as gender. môj and náš change for case as well as gender. The plural case forms follow the plural endings.

Words in This Pattern

tenmôjnáš