Tūhoe n / ng

A Labeled Regional Sound Pattern

Level 6

Regional nā, tanata and tikana correspond to ngā, tangata and tikanga.

How It Works

Some Tūhoe forms have n corresponding to widely used ng. Written examples include plural article nā, noun tanata and tikana. Read and preserve these as regional written forms.

Grammatical position distinguishes identical-looking words. In nā whare, nā introduces a plural noun phrase. In Nā Maia i hanga te whare, nā introduces the responsible actor. The regional article retains its plural function; tanata remains a noun meaning a person. Tikana refers to customs or practices according to context.

Tūhoe public writing also retains ng forms alongside n forms. Learn particular words and the writer's choices instead of replacing every ng. Pronunciation and writing practices need not be identical for every speaker. The correspondence introduces no person agreement ending on the verb and does not justify expanding every ordinary n into ng. The examples illustrate regional vocabulary within familiar clause frames.

Examples (3)

  1. Kei waho nā tamariki e tākaro ana.

    The children are outside playing.

    Labelled Tūhoe wording: nā functions as the plural article.

  2. He tanata pukumahi tōku hoa.

    My friend is a hardworking person.

    Tanata corresponds to tangata in this original description.

  3. Me ako tātou i nā tikana o Tūhoe.

    We should learn Tūhoe customs.

    Regional nā and tikana occur in an ordinary advice clause.

How It Connects

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Tūhoe n / ngLevel 6A Labeled Regional Sound Pattern

Learn This First

Recognize attested regional words and their grammatical positions while preserving the writer's choices, including retained ng forms.