terlepas daripada
Regardless of or Apart from
Terlepas daripada is a high-level formal marker used to set aside a specific condition, limitation, or influence before making a main argument. It is most commonly seen in academic or legal writing as tidak terlepas daripada (not exempt from).
How It Works
In Standard Malay, terlepas daripada serves two primary functions:
1. Acknowledging Inherent Factors: Often used with the negative tidak to indicate that something is 'not exempt from' or 'not free from' certain influences. For example, a research paper might state it is 'not exempt from limitations.'
2. Concessive Framing: Used at the start of a sentence to mean 'Setting aside X' or 'Regardless of X.' It acknowledges the importance of X but moves the discussion toward Y.
Syntactic Rules:
- It must be followed by a Noun or Noun Phrase, usually abstract (e.g., pengaruh, tuduhan, kekangan).
- In formal Malaysian Malay, you must use daripada for abstract concepts. Using dari is considered an error or an Indonesianism in this specific context.
- It is strictly a formal register; in casual speech, speakers prefer walaupun or tidak kira.
Examples (4)
- Kajian ini tidak terlepas daripada beberapa kekangan metodologi.
This study is not exempt from several methodological limitations.
Word by Word: Study this not escape from several limitations methodology.
Here, 'tidak terlepas daripada' is used to formally acknowledge that the study has unavoidable weaknesses.
- Terlepas daripada soal ideologi, projek ini telah membawa banyak manfaat.
Apart from the question of ideology, this project has brought many benefits.
Word by Word: Escaped from question ideology, project this already bring many benefits.
The phrase 'terlepas daripada' sets aside the ideological debate to focus on the practical benefits.
- Sebagai manusia, kita tidak terlepas daripada melakukan kesilapan.
As humans, we are not exempt from making mistakes.
Word by Word: As human, we not escape from doing mistakes.
This demonstrates the 'unavoidable state' nuance, suggesting humans cannot be free from the tendency to err.
- Beliau tidak terlepas daripada tuduhan rasuah tersebut.
He was not exempt from those corruption accusations.
Word by Word: He not escape from accusation corruption that.
In a legal or formal context, this indicates that the person is still subject to or affected by the accusations.
Common Mistakes
Using 'dari' instead of 'daripada' for abstract concepts.
Terlepas dari masalah itu...Terlepas daripada masalah itu...In Standard Malaysian Malay, daripada must be used for abstract sources or concepts. 'Dari' is reserved for physical place, time, and direction.
Using it in casual conversation.
Terlepas daripada hujan, saya tetap pergi.Walaupun hujan, saya tetap pergi.Using 'terlepas daripada' for simple daily events like rain sounds overly stiff and unnatural. Use walaupun instead.
How It Connects
Learn This First
To understand 'terlepas daripada', a learner needs to recognize the 'ter-' prefix used to indicate a state (in this case, being 'released' or 'free') and the use of 'daripada' to mark the point of origin or the factor being excluded.
- ter- (keadaan)Resulting States with Ter-
The word 'terlepas' is formed using the 'ter-' prefix, which indicates a resulting state or being free from something.
Level 2 - daripadaComparison Standard with Daripada
The preposition 'daripada' is used here to indicate the source or factor that is being set aside or separated from the main point.
Level 2
Related Patterns
- daripada / dariSource Comparison Place and Time
Crucial for choosing the correct preposition; 'daripada' is required for the abstract concepts typically used with this pattern.
Level 5 - walaupunConcession with Walaupun
A more common, less formal way to express 'although' or 'even though' without the 'unavoidable' nuance.
Level 2 - sebagaiRole with Sebagai
Often used alongside this pattern to define the role or context (e.g., 'Sebagai penyelidik, kita tidak terlepas daripada...').
Level 2 - tidakNegating Verbs and Adjectives with Tidak
Frequently paired with this pattern to create the 'not exempt from' meaning.
Level 1
Words in This Pattern
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