iz- and pie- With -ties

Doing Something to the Full

Level 5

Add iz- and -ties to some verbs to say you did it until you were satisfied: Beidzot izgulējos! (I finally had a good long sleep!) With food and drink, pie- means you are full: Esmu pieēdies. (I am full.)

How It Works

1. Iz- + -ties: until you are satisfied. Iz- often means doing something completely. With a reflexive ending it means doing it for as long as you wanted:

  • izgulēties (to have a good long sleep)
  • izrunāties (to have a good long talk)
  • izpeldēties (to have a good swim)
  • izraudāties (to have a good cry)

2. Pie- + -ties: full. Pie- with eating and drinking means filling up: pieēsties (to eat your fill). Piedzerties means to get drunk.

3. Forms. These are ordinary reflexive verbs (see reflexive verbs in past and future): es pieēdos, viņš pieēdās, es pieēdīšos; es izrunājos, mēs izrunājāmies. With esmu, the participle agrees with the speaker: esmu pieēdies (a man), esmu pieēdusies (a woman).

4. Without -ties the meaning changes. Izrunāt means to pronounce or to discuss something: izrunāt vārdu (to pronounce a word), izrunāt plānu (to talk a plan through). Izrunāties means to talk to your heart's content.

Examples (5)

  1. Brīvdienās beidzot izgulējos.

    At the weekend I finally had a good long sleep.

    Word by Word: Days-off-in finally slept-myself-out.

  2. Mēs ar draudzeni vakar ilgi izrunājāmies.

    My friend and I had a long heart-to-heart talk yesterday.

    Word by Word: We with friend yesterday long talked-ourselves-out.

  3. Paldies, esmu pieēdies.

    Thank you, I'm full.

    Word by Word: Thanks, am eaten-myself-full.

    A man says pieēdies. A woman says pieēdusies.

  4. Bērni jūrā izpeldējās un nāca mājās.

    The children had a good swim in the sea and came home.

    Word by Word: Children sea-in swam-themselves-out and came home.

  5. Viņa izraudājās, un kļuva vieglāk.

    She had a good cry, and it got easier.

    Word by Word: She cried-herself-out, and became easier.

Common Mistakes

  • Using the masculine participle for a woman.

    Viņa ir pieēdies.
    Viņa ir pieēdusies.

    The participle agrees with the subject. For a woman, pieēdies becomes pieēdusies.

  • Leaving out the reflexive ending.

    Brīvdienās beidzot izgulēju.
    Brīvdienās beidzot izgulējos.

    Without -ties, izgulēt needs an object, as in izgulēt nakti (to sleep through the night). To say you slept as much as you wanted, use izgulēties.

How It Connects

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iz- and pie- With -tiesLevel 5Doing Something to the Full

Learn This First

Iz- and pie- with -ties mean to the full.

Words in This Pattern

iz-pie--ties