とる / とう

Hakata: A State Resulting from an Action

Level 2Sounds Like toru / touRegional Speech

In the Hakata aspect contrast, -とる/-とう can present the state resulting from an action.

How It Works

The resulting state matters: 座っとる describes the state after sitting down. 鍵が掛かっとう describes a lock being in place. Ongoing -よる can instead focus on an action unfolding.

Do not delete te-form sound changes. 買って contracts to 買っとる, while 読んで gives 読んどる. The surface is not the dictionary stem plus the same suffix for every verb.

The contrast is not a rigid English tense mapping. Use the verb meaning and scene, and retain shared -ている forms when a speaker naturally uses them.

Examples (3)

  1. 窓が開いとう。

    The window is open.

  2. 椅子に座っとる。

    I am sitting on a chair.

  3. ドアに鍵が掛かっとう。

    The door is locked.

How It Connects

Tap a pattern to see what it builds on and what it leads to.

とる / とうLevel 2Hakata: A State Resulting from an Action

Learn This First

Preserve the full te/de form and its sound changes in the contraction. Understand how a verb can describe a state resulting from an action.

Words in This Pattern